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A Study On Cyp2c19 Genetic Variations Of Clopidogrel And Ticagrelor Treatment Among Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)
(2023-06)
Mohammed Ahmed Imran Ak-Kaif
The P2Y12 receptor inhibitors, especially clopidogrel, are common antiplatelet drugs used for the prevention of recurrent adverse cardiovascular events among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Several factors may affect the effectiveness of antiplatelet therapy, including genetic variations in CYP450 enzymes. Loss of function (LOF) carriers of the CYP2C19 gene are associated with the decreased metabolism of clopidogrel into active metabolites via CYP2C19 enzyme, leading to decreased platelet inhibition. This causes an increased risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. Drug regulatory authorities suggested using alternative P2Y12 inhibitor, which is ticagrelor. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the adverse effects, and CYP2C19 genetic variations of clopidogrel and ticagrelor treatment among CAD patients undergoing PCI.
Assessment Of Antiviral Usage, Barriers, And Strategies For Scaling Up Hepatitis C Treatment In Malaysia: A Mix Methodology Study
(2023-06)
Chan Huan Keat
Malaysia adopted three key strategies to pursue the global goal of hepatitis C elimination, namely applying compulsory licensing on a direct-acting antiviral (DAA), introducing a standard DAA-based treatment regimen (sofosbuvir and daclatasvir) and decentralizing hepatitis C care through primary healthcare centers. This three-phase study adopted both quantitative and qualitative methods, aiming to (i) assess changes in the treatment coverage of individuals with hepatitis C and the government spending on antivirals after applying compulsory licensing, (ii) evaluate clinical outcomes in treatment recipients of the standard regimen, and (iii) explore barriers and potential strategies to further scale up pharmacological treatment under the existing hepatitis C care decentralization model.
Green Project Delivery Framework For Contracting Firms In Oman
(2023-06)
Ayishathul Powmya Sampaje Ebrahim
Green development (GD) projects in Oman are gaining momentum but still far behind other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Due to the complexity of GD projects, contractors need to understand their capability and strategize in ensuring successful project delivery. This research aims to develop Green Project Delivery (GPD) framework for main contractors in Oman by adapting the components of Dynamic Capability theory.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using curcuma xanthorrhiza rhizome extract
(2021-06-14)
Deva, Nathan
The employment of plant extract in the synthesis process of silver nanoparticles is the recent advancement in green chemistry and garnering great interest among researchers worldwide. This study mainly emphasizes on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Curcuma xanthorrhiza (C. xanthorrhiza) rhizome extract, which acts as a reducing and capping agent. Silver ions in the silver nitrate solution can be reduced into zero valence silver nanoparticles when the rhizome extract is mixed. The reduction of silver ions resulted in color changes in the mixture from yellow to dark brown due to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon. Thus, several parameters influencing the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles were optimized by manipulating variables in the experiment. Then, the synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized via analytical equipment such as UV-Visible spectrometer and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer. The UV-Vis spectrum of the silver nanoparticles was obtained, and the maximum absorption peak was acquired at a wavelength in the range of 445 to 450 nm. Hence, the best conditions for synthesizing silver nanoparticles were determined and found to be 8 wt % rhizome extract concentration, 8 mM silver nitrate solution concentration, 1:5 rhizome extract to silver nitrate solution volume ratio, and 72 hours of incubation time. Furthermore, the EDX analysis of silver nanoparticles demonstrated a spectrum of elemental composition in which silver has the highest peak at 3 keV. Several other compounds in the spectrum indicate the presence of biomolecules from the extract on the surface of nanoparticles as a stabilizing agent. These results showed that the reduction process of silver ions using C. xanthorrhiza rhizome extract is a greener method with less toxicity and can form more refined and stable nanoparticles.
Rheological Characterization And Fouling Mitigation Of Coconut Cream Emulsion
(2023-05)
Avan Farouq Qadir Maghazechi
This study aimed to understand and mitigate fouling deposition in CCE by investigating structural changes in heating surfaces and CCE bulk.

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Performance Of Integrated Energy Recovery For Split Unit Air-Conditioning System In Hot And Humid Environment
(Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2018-05)
Tang, Chiau Yong
The escalating energy consumption in conditioning fresh air causes abundance of condensing heat energy wasted especially under the hot and humid climate. In this context, by installing energy recovery unit, thermal energy is transferred from outgoing to incoming air streams which recovers the wasted energy. The main objectives of this research are to evaluate the performance of stand-alone energy recovery unit and split unit air-conditioning system, to assess the performance of integrated system and to compare the performance between stand-alone air-conditioning unit and integrated system by varying parameters of temperature of 28ºC, 31ºC, 34ºC and 40ºC, relative humidity of 65%, 75% and 85% as well as air-velocity of 1 ms-1, 2 ms-1 and 3 ms-1. Experiment has carried out in a low-rise commercial office room within hot and humid environment. Efficiency and recovered energy of the energy recovery unit as well as Coefficient of Performance (COP) and cooling capacity of the split unit air-conditioning system are evaluated in the range of 42-78%, 0.4-3.4 kW, 1.0-2.6 and 0.7-1.9 kW respectively. COP, cooling capacity, potential energy recovered and carbon dioxide emission reduction of integrated system assessed are in the range of 1.5-4.0, 1.2-2.9 kW, 217-1849 kWh, RM 94-804, 0.1-0.9 MgCO2e respectively. T-test presents the performance of integrated system is statistically different and better than stand-alone unit due to its pre-cooling and dehumidification functions. In practical application, this research provides reference data on the application of energy recovery in split unit air-conditioning system for researchers, engineers and architects.
MAT 517 – Computational Linear Algebra [Aljabar Linear Pengkomputeran] Januari 2016
(Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2016-01)
PPSM, Pusat Pengajian Sains Matematik
Pendekatan Da‘Wah Tarbiyyah Al- Nafs Dalam Program Halaqah Terhadap Banduan Di Penjara Pokok Sena, Kedah
(2023-07)
Noor Hafizah Binti Noor Rahmat
Penjara adalah tempat kurungan berlandaskan peruntukan undang-undang. Namun begitu, kebelakangan ini berita kesesakan dan pelambakan banduan telah menggemparkan Malaysia. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti usaha-usaha Tarbiyyah al-Nafs oleh Bahagian Unit Agama Islam, pandangan keberkesanan dan cadangan kakitangan Penjara Pokok Sena, persepsi banduan terhadap metode program halaqah juga menganalisis metode Da‘wah Tarbiyyah al-Nafs. Seramai 300 orang responden yang terdiri daripada banduan lelaki dan perempuan dari semua fasa program halaqah yang mempunyai 4 fasa kesemuanya. Program halaqah ini dilaksanakan terhadap banduan-banduan yang beragama Islam. Seterusnya, kesemua pengajar agama yang terdiri daripada 3 orang pengajar turut terlibat di dalam kajian ini. Tambahan pula, reka bentuk kajian adalah reka bentuk kuantitatif. Instrumen kajian yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan metode temu bual dan soal selidik. Data yang diperoleh dianalisi melalui Statistical Package For Social Science (SPSS) versi 22.0. Hasil kajian menunjukkan persepsi banduan terhadap program halaqah yang dijalankan di penjara adalah pada tahap yang tinggi. Namun begitu, kesemua pengajar agama melalui pengalaman mereka menyatakan keberkesanan program halaqah yang dicapai adalah pada tahap sederhana Justeru, dapat disimpulkan, tahap penerimaan banduan terhadap Program halaqah sangat memuaskan dan hanya perlu penambahbaikan untuk memantapkan lagi keberkesanan Program Halaqah.
Brain Gain Of Corporate Board And Firm Performance: Evidence From Malaysia
(Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2019-04)
Chuah, Shu Fen
Despite the importance of brain gain to alleviate brain drain issues and to fulfil the demand of human capital in Malaysia, current research on brain gain does not sufficiently reflect the brain gain situation in Malaysia and its financial impact brought is not evident. While there is abundance of research on brain gain issues from human resource and strategic management context, little has viewed it from corporate finance perspective, owing primarily to privacy reason and capacity of brain gain data. As Malaysia is an emerging country, corporate sector remains the main driver of economic growth. The growing of corporations need to be supported and led by talented company board and management. Using the sample of 803 firms from 10 industries in Bursa Malaysia’s Main Board from year 2009 to 2015, this study examined the impacts of the presence of brain-gain director on firm performance. Two-step robust GMM estimation result showed that for every additional number of brain-gain director on board, we can expect firm performance to increase by an average of 4.55%, holding others constant. As brain-gain director is made up of foreign director and returnee director, analysis is repeated for these two groups. It is shown that, for every number of foreign director and returnee director increased on board, firm performance is expected to increase by an average of 7.41% and 3.23% respectively. It is also found that board meeting attendance and the presence of family director do not affect the relationship between the presence of brain-gain director and firm performance.
Cycle Time Analysis For Photolithography Tools In Semiconductor Manufacturing Industry With Simulation Model: A Case Study
(2008-11)
YUEN TIEN, SIOW
The industry of semiconductor wafer fabrication ("fab") has invested a huge amount of capital on the manufacturing equipments particular in photolithography area which has driven the needs to re-look at the most profitable way of utilizing and operating them efficiently. Traditional industrial engineering analysis techniques through mathematical models or static models for the studies of photolithography process are simply not adequate to analyze these complex environments. In this research, a more realistic representation of photolithography tools that can give a better prediction results and a more systematic methodology for minimizing photolithography cycle time is presented. The proposed method is to reduce waiting time and increase utilization of the photolithography process, which would result in an overall equipment cycle time reduction. For a given route and processing time of a particular product type, the entire photolithography tool is formulated using Integration Definition for Function Modeling (IDEFO) and it is integrated into a simulation model for further analysis. The simulation model provides visibility and understanding into the internal dependencies and interactions of each process in photolithography tool. Experimental set up through Design of Experiment (DOE) approach is presented with the purpose of identifying critical parameters that influence the photolithography cycle time. The results from the simulation analysis are then used to propose solutions to minimize the overall photolithography cycle time.