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- PublicationMultistage Power Amplifier In 180nm CMOS Technology With Integrated Passive Linearizer For IEEE 802.15 Application(2018-10)As wireless communication standard continues to evolve accommodating the demand of high data rate operation, the design of RF CMOS power amplifier (PA) becomes ever challenging. PAs are required to operate more efficiently while maintaining stringent linearity requirement. In this work, the low power linear multistage CMOS power amplifier for BLE application is designed and implemented.
- PublicationA systematic literature review(slr) on the utilizationof ultra-highperformancefibre-reinforced concrete(uhpfrc) for repair and strengthening application(2022-07-01)This dissertation presents a systematic literature review about the utilisation of ultrahigh-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) to repair and strengthen damaged concrete . There are two objectives of this review. First is to identify the different cases of concrete deterioration and the corresponding utilization of UHPFRC in the repair and strengthening applications. The next objective is to compare and assess the effectiveness ofthe use of UHPFRCin differentrepair and strengtheningapplications based on the available literatures. UHPFRC is a cementitious composite that has compressive strength higher than 150 MPa. The high strength of the concrete is thanks to its high cement content, making it suitable to be used as repair material. From the Scopus database, there were 12 articles that had been identified for this review. Systematic searching strategies was used to filter out irrelevant articles and the articles are filtered again through quality assessment to further remove low quality articles. In this review, the usage of UHPFRC that is used to repair different cases of concrete deterioration were discussed. From the articles reviewed, it showed that UHPFRC is already widely used for treating concrete damaged by corrosion, cracking and ASR. Also, various kind of methods were used to apply the UHPFRC onto the damaged concrete. Based on the studies reviewed, the effectiveness of the repaired concrete was found to be acceptable.Although UHPFRChave high compressive strength, the selection of repair material should be based on the deformation mechanism, site condition, and client requirement because different repair materials come with different advantages and disadvantages. Knowing these properties should be helpful to decide the most suitable material needed for repair works.
- PublicationThe Effect Of Tea And Spent Tea Towards Digestion Properties And Development Of Low Glycemic Index Biscuit(2018-10)Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is one of native plants which is rich in phenolic compounds and antioxidant elements, widely recognized for its benefits for human consumption. However, the informarion on chemical characteristics of the tea and residual tea leaves originated from the by-product of tea beverage manufactures is still insufficient. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of antioxidant activity which is present in tea leaves, as one of food ingredients in production of low glycemic food product.
- PublicationKebolehan Murid Tahun Satu Dalam Mengenal Dan Menyebut Huruf Hijaiyah Berbaris Mengikut Kaedah Qiraati(2019-01)Kajian yang dijalankan adalah untuk mengenal pasti kebolehan murid Tahun I dalam mengenal huruf hijaiyah berbaris dan menyebut huruf hijaiyah berbaris dengan betul menggunakan kaedah Qiraati serta pelaksanaan guru menggunakan kaedah ini dalam pengajaran mata pelajaran Pendidikan lslam khususnya tilawah al Quran.
- PublicationThe Effect Of Annealing On Random Lasing In Zinc Oxide Nanorods Grown By Chemical Bath Deposition(2019-04)One dimensional ZnO nanostructure have been extensively studied due to its potential application in electronic and optoelectronic devices. The work presented here utilizes ZnO nanorods prepared by CBO method on pretreated glass substrate.
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- ItemProfiling Of Triacylglycerols And Identification Of Markers In Edible Fats And Oils Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry(Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2019-01)Halal certification and authentication has much been sought out globally especially in Malaysia that is govern by regulatory bodies such as Jabatan Kemajuan Agama Islam Malaysia (JAKIM). In order to achieve this, adulterants testing method has to be stringent so the identification of adulterant can be accurately analyzed. Target analyte for analysis has primarily been Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and testing that involved in DNA analysis such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Therefore a new target analyte and techniques are needed to supplement this current testing analysis by using Reverse Phase Ultra High Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) targeting Triacylglycerols (TAGs). The main objectives of this study are to develop an optimization method for C18 core-shells columns and generate mas spectrometric profiling of TAGs in edible fat and oils and to apply the developed methods and techniques in detecting TAGs in food sample in identifying possible food markers. The column comparison calculation shows that C18 core-shell column has a resolution of 2.23, higher than the C18 porous column resolution of 0.91 at the same flow rate of 400 μl/min. The overall specifications of the C18 core-shell efficiency and peak capacity of 0.72 and 27.0 respectively did not deviate too much from the C18 porous while maintaining the high resolution of separation. The C18 core-shell has also separation corn oils that yield Oleic-Oleic-Linolenic that was not present in the C18 porous column.
- ItemThe State Of Regime Change And Systemic Change In The Electoral Politics Of Malaysia And The Philippines: What Has Malaysia And The Post-Marcos Philippines Learnt?(Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2021-03)This study explores and analyses the differences in the change of government in the electoral politics. The democratic rule for most of the South East Asia nations particularly in Malaysia and the Philippines, were interpreted differently by politicians, the elites, and the leaders. Instead, they have chosen to consolidate the power that they acquired through elected office and the immense wealth that comes with it. As elections remain a crucial attribute of democracy in Malaysia and the Philippines since granting independence, absolute authoritarianism is impossible, therefore, electoral authoritarianism was introduced as it has the ability to mimic many fundamental attributes of democracy and possesses sufficient indicators of democracy. As the regimes began tightening its grip and employed a higher level of electoral authoritarianism over the years, the people began mobilizing towards challenging the regime and demanded that the power of rule returns to the people. Depending on the scale of mobilization and the electoral reform movements, regime change, and systemic change occurred in Malaysia and the Philippines, respectively. The great challenge is now how much of these improved changes were actually permanent after a change of government or even so, will they be able to stand the test of time or to stand against any future changes in the government? This research uses secondary source and qualitative method; in-depth one-to-one interviews are conducted with 10 identified respondents who are familiar with Malaysia and the Philippines political and electoral system, respectively. The study analyses the insights given by these experts and through the secondary sources on how Malaysia’s semi-authoritarian and Philippines’ authoritarian political power persist then breakdown towards regime and systemic changes respectively and to explore the differences on the issue of how the people seek for electoral reforms to change their government in Malaysia and the Philippines. Finally, the research concludes with what Malaysia and the Post-Marcos Philippines learn from the systemic changes in the Philippines and the regime change in Malaysia. Active political participation and strong mobilizations by the Filipinos, shown in the process of systemic change of Post-Marcos Philippines were among the lessons that can be inferred upon as Malaysia changes regime, leading towards a better democratisation in both nations in the near future.
- PublicationBack pain and its association with the practice of body mechanics among healthcare providers in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia(2023-06)Back pain is widely prevalent in the general population especially among healthcare professionals due to the increased exposure to physical demands of their work routine. This study aims to determine the incidence of back pain symptoms, the level of practice of body mechanics, the association between the practice of body mechanics and back pain symptoms, and the related factors that contributed to back pain symptoms among healthcare providers in Hospital USM. A cross-sectional survey was carried out on 218 respondents that were recruited using convenience sampling in a 10 random selected departments. The data collection period was from October 2022 until June 2023. A set of self- administered questionnaire via google form was used to collect the data. The data was analyzed using software SPSS (26.0). The result shows that 177 healthcare providers out of 218 experienced back pain symptoms in the preceding 12 months. The healthcare providers that worked at Hospital USM had good level of body mechanic practice. A significant association (p=0.002) was indicated between back pain symptoms and the level of body mechanic practices among healthcare providers in Hospital USM.
- ItemETOMIDATE VERSUS KETAMINE FOR PROCEDURAL SEDATION IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT(Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2012)Objective The objectives of the study was to compare the sedation time (T1) between Etomidate versus Ketamine and the safety of both drugs in the procedural sedation and analgesia among paediatric patients in Emergency department. Method A single blinded, randomized control study was conducted in Emergency Department Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian Kelantan, from 1st Jun 2010 untill 31st May 2011. 29 paediatric patients aged from 2 years old until 12 years old were recruited with the permission of their parents. They were randomized to two group, Etomidate group which received IV Fentanyl 1μg/kg plus IV Etomidate 0.2mg/kg and Ketamine group which received IV ketamine 1.5mg/kg. 13 patients randomized to Etomidate group and 16 patients to Ketamine group. Sedation time (T1) was measured from the start of administrating the sedation drug until patients achieved adequate sedation which is characterized by Ramsay sedation score of 4. Vital sign was monitored and any adverse events documented until patients safely discharged/ admitted. Results From 29 subjects, only 23 subjects able to achieved adequate sedation level with the study drugs. All subjects who did not achieved adequate sedation level were from Etomidate group. From those 23 subjects, median T1 for Etomidate group was 5.0 minutes (IqR 9.0). In the Ketamine group, the median T1 was 1.5 minutes (IqR 4.0). There was no statistical difference in the T1 between the Etomidate group and Ketamine group (P value = 0.17). In this study, the adverse event that has been documented was retching and vomiting and the incidence between the two groups of study drug was similar and no significant difference. (P value = 0.53). There was no serious adverse effect documented during this study. Conclusion This study proved that sedation time between Etomidate and Ketamine for the PSA were not significantly differ and Etomidate was less effective for PSA compared to the Ketamine in the paediatric age group. Nevertheless, both groups of sedative agents were relatively safe to be used without any serious adverse effect in the paediatric population in Malaysia.
- ItemThe effect of early postnatal exposure to pyrethroid (deltamethrin) and pyrethroid-based mosquito repellent on the cerebellum of rats(Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2009)Deltamethrin is a widely used type II pyrethroid-based insecticide. Studies indicated that neonatal exposure to deltamethrin even at relatively low dose resulted in behavioral and neurological changes. In the present study, the effect of early neonatal exposure to low dose deltamethrin on the histogenesis of the cerebellar cortex was investigated. Sprague Dawley male pups were exposed to deltamethrin in a dose of 1 mg/kg/day via intraperitoneal injection from 2"d to 5lh postnatal day and sacrificed on postnatal day 6, 14 and 21. The cerebellum was removed, processed, embedded with paraffin wax and serially sectioned. Cerebelar tissue sections were stained with Harris hematoxylin and eosin and anti-synaptophysin immunohistochemistry. The thickness of the different layers of the cerebellar cortex and the optical density of the molecular layer were measured using Image Proplus software. The results showed no differences in the measured thickness of the external granular, molecular and internal granular layers between the deltamethrin-treated and the control animals in all age groups studied. There were significant upregulation of the synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the molecular layer when examined at postnatal day 6, but not at postnatal day 14 and 21. In conclusion, the present study showed that neonatal administration of the deltamethrin at the current dosage did not significantly affect the morphogenesis of the cerebellar cortex.