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- PublicationImproving Building Information Modelling (Bim) In Technical Vocational Education And Training (Tvet) In Malaysia Polytechnics(2024-09)This study investigates the Building Information Modelling (BIM) in Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in Malaysia Polytechnics, particularly for the Diploma in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) courses. The objectives are to critically assess the improvement of BIM in the TVET curriculum, evaluate educators’ awareness of BIM, identify the barriers encountered, and propose strategies to enhance BIM education in these institutions. Despite BIM's critical role in the AEC industry, its implementation within the Malaysian TVET curriculum faces significant obstacles, including the absence of a standardised approach, limited resources, and gaps in both practical and theoretical BIM expertise among educators. While the subject has garnered attention, research specifically addressing BIM education within the context of Malaysian higher education remains insufficient. A quantitative methodology was used, utilising a comprehensive questionnaire designed to gather data on educators' demographics, levels of BIM awareness, and the barriers to BIM implementation. The findings reveal that 50% of educators possess only moderate BIM skills, with a considerable number lacking adequate qualifications in the field. The study underscores the necessity for continuous curriculum development, improvement of the existing BIM education framework, and the removal of barriers impeding effective BIM education.
- PublicationMulti-objective Binary Clonal Selection Algorithm In The Retrieval Phase Of Discrete Hopfield Neural Network With Weighted Systematic Satisfiability(2024-09)The stability of the Discrete Hopfield Neural Network is dependent on the ability of the network to govern the neuron connections that caused several issues to arise, such as random distribution of positive and negative literals and overfitting final neuron states. Therefore, this thesis proposes a new systematic Satisfiability logical rule namely Weighted Systematic 2 Satisfiability that uses a weighted feature to control the distribution of the negative literals. The proposed logic embedded into Discrete Hopfield Neural Network and considered the optimization of multi-objective function in the retrieval phase to locate superior final neuron states. A Binary Clonal Selection Algorithm is being proposed to ensure optimal generation of the superior final neuron states. The proposed algorithm in the retrieval phase showed optimal performance as compared to the baseline algorithms. The newly proposed logical rule and the algorithm will be the components in the logic mining model namely Weighted Systematic 2 Satisfiability Modified Reverse Analysis. The proposed logic mining model is able to retrieve best induced logic that represents the optimal patterns of the dataset. Based on the findings, the proposed logic mining model outperformed other baseline logic mining models for all the performance metrics used in the repository dataset. The proposed logic mining model was tested on a real-life dataset from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, and it showed superior performance.
- PublicationKualiti Insan Dalam Penilaian Prestasi Menurut Al-ghazali Berdasarkan Kimiya’ Al-sa’adah(2024-09)Salah satu kaedah menilai kualiti insan ialah menerusi penilaian prestasi. Penilaian prestasi sering diamalkan di pelbagai peringkat termasuk di peringkat institusi, di peringkat pentadbiran kerajaan dan sebagainya. Namun, penilaian prestasi sering menghadapi pelbagai cabaran dan isu untuk pelaksanaan penilaian yang terbaik. Antara isu yang diutarakan adalah ketidakadilan, bias dan ketiadaan kompetensi yang keseluruhannya bertitik tolak daripada unsur utama dalam penilaian prestasi iaitu insan. Bertitik tolak daripada itu, kualiti insan dilihat sangat penting dalam menjayakan penilaian prestasi. Oleh itu, kajian ini dilakukan bagi mengkaji kualiti insan dalam penilaian prestasi menurut tokoh pembangunan insan dalam Islam iaitu al-Ghazali berdasarkan kitab beliau Kimiya’ al-Sa‘adat. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan tiga objektif kajian. Objektif pertama, mengenal pasti kualiti insan dalam penilaian prestasi berteraskan Islam. Objektif kedua, menganalisis kualiti insan dalam penilaian prestasi menurut al-Ghazali berdasarkan Kimiya’ al-Sa‘adat. Objektif ketiga, mencadangkan kualiti insan dalam penilaian prestasi menurut al-Ghazali berdasarkan Kimiya’ al-Sa‘adat. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kualitatif asas yang melibatkan pengumpulan data daripada sumber sekunder dan akhirnya menganalisis menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan dengan bantuan perisian Atlas.ti versi 24.
- PublicationStress and coping strategies of patients receiving chemotherapy at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia.(2016)Stress is defined as a relationship between the person and the environment that is appraised by the person as taxing or exceeding his or her resources and endangering his or her well-being. While, coping strategies defined as constantly changing cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage specific external and/or internal demands that are appraised as taxing or exceeding the resources of the person. The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between stress and coping strategies of patient receiving chemotherapy at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (Hospital USM). A cross-sectional survey was using a set of self-administered questionnaire from the combination of Perceived Stress Scale and Ways Coping Strategies. A total of 110 respondents were involved in this study. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 and Chi-square test was used to analyze descriptive data. All the respondent involved in this study were from ward 1 Timur Depan, 3 Selatan, and Radiotherapy and Oncology Department (NROD) in HUSM, age ranged from 18 to 85 years old (M =51.82, SD = 15.086), which shows majority of female patients with 71 (64.5%) and monthly income RM501-RM2000 have the highest participant which is 41 (37.3%) from the total participants. This study revealed that there was a significant association between the level of stress and coping strategies (p=0.002) and there were no significant association between selected demographic data (age (p=0.068), gender (p=0.662), and monthly income (p=0.094) with level of stress. Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy experienced moderate level of stress symptom. However different coping strategies were adopted to cope with their illness, chemotherapy treatment, practical and family problems, emotional and physical symptoms. In future research, investigation of interactions between the impact of individual coping strategies and specific stressors will reveal more about the dimensionality, as well the nature of coping in general.
- PublicationThe Evaluation of Internet Addiction on Physical Activity and Weight Status among Adolescents in Kuala Lumpur.(2016)The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of internet addiction in relation to physical activity and weight status among adolescents in Kuala Lumpur. A cross-sectional survey was carried out by using a multistage sampling approach, 121 number of adolescents were recruited from five secondary schools in Kuala Lumpur. Their body weight and height were taken and calculated for body mass index (BMI), their physical activity level was measured by using Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A). Barriers to physical activity was assessed by using domain barriers in International Physical Activity and Network (IPEN) questionnaire. Half of the respondents were given accelerometer GT3X-BT to measure their steps. The level of internet addiction was measured by using Malay Version of Internet Addiction Test (MVIAT). Mean age of respondent was ±15.85 and mean BMI was 22.2 Kg/m2 Out of . 121 numbers of respondent 27.4% was overweight, 69.4% was normal and 4.2% was underweight. As for physical activity, 3.3% of the respondent were classified as active and 58.7% were classified as inactive by using PAQ-A. While when using accelerometer 76.7% of the respondents were classified as inactive and 23% of the respondents were classified as active. Only 0.8% of the respondents were classified as excessive internet users, 15. 7% as moderate users and 83.5% were low users of internet. There are a significant correlation between level of internet addiction and reduced physical activity level,
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- PublicationKombinasi rangkaian neural buatan dengan model linear: aplikasinya dalam Sains Kesihatan(2024-05)Pembangunan metodologi yang mengintegrasikan model linear dan rangkaian neural buatan dalam bidang sains kesihatan adalah suatu pendekatan yang menarik untuk meningkatkan kualiti pemodelan berserta ramalan. Kajian sebelum ini cenderung memberi penekanan kepada teknik tunggal, yang terbukti tidak mencukupi secara komprehensif. Justeru, terdapat keperluan secara statistik yang lebih holistik yang menggabungkan beberapa teknik, seperti model LiReNN, untuk meningkatkan ketepatan dalam pemodelan sains kesihatan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan model regresi linear dengan rangkaian neural yang menumpukan kepada kecekapan, tahap kompetensi, membuat peramalan, dan mengesahkan ketepatan model, serta mempermudah proses analisis data melalui antara muka pengguna grafik (GUI). Pendekatan gabungan ini melibatkan penggunaan butstrap, regresi linear, dan rangkaian neural hadapan suapan berbilang lapisan, disokong oleh GUI. Ketepatan kaedah dinilai melalui nilai MSE.net dan R2, menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam ketepatan, keberkesanan, dan kecekapan analisis data. Hasil ini membantu dalam pembangunan metodologi penyelidikan yang lebih kukuh, menyokong keputusan yang lebih tepat, dan menyediakan penggunaan GUI yang lebih interaktif. Pendekatan ini meningkatkan keberkesanan aplikasi pemodelan LiReNN, membolehkan pengguna untuk mencapai hasil optimum tanpa keperluan kepada pengetahuan mendalam dalam pengaturcaraan atau analisis data. Secara keseluruhan, pendekatan ini tidak hanya meningkatkan ketepatan dan kecekapan analisis data, tetapi juga menyediakan antara muka pengguna yang lebih mesra pengguna dan efisien melalui penggunaan GUI.
- PublicationLocal Land Subsidence Analysisi In Penang Island (Malaysia) Based On Insar Maps(2021-11)Penang Island is an important economic centre in Malaysia that has experienced land subsidence in recent years. In this study, the PS-InSAR and SBAS-InSAR techniques are used to monitor land subsidence of Penang Island based on Sentinel-1 SAR radar images in both ascending and descending tracks.
- PublicationElucidation Of The Molecular Mechanisms Of Orthosiphon Aristatus Extract In Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease(2023-07)Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of liver disease, beginning with simple hepatic steatosis and potentially leading to hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Despite extensive research on NAFLD, there is no approved standard therapy for it as of now. Natural agents could potentially serve as alternative or supportive therapeutic options. Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq, a traditional plant in Southeast Asia, holds promise due to its potential to mitigate obesity and hyperglycaemic conditions. A plethora of chemical constituents in the ethanolic extract of O. aristatus (EOA) have been identified in previous studies, underscoring its potent antioxidant properties and broad ethnopharmacological usage. This study evaluated the potential anti-NAFLD effects of the EOA using a variety of in vitro, in vivo, and in silico methods. This included feeding C57BL/6 mice a high-fat diet, inducing multilineage 3D spheroids of HepG2 and LX-2 cells using palmitic-oleic acid induced-NAFLD, and employing various bioinformatics tools, such as molecular docking, to identify the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the bioactive compounds of the EOA. Our findings identified 20 bioactive compounds corresponding to 45 potential NAFLD-related targets. Mice fed with the standardized EOA (400 mg/kg) for eight weeks showed inhibited NAFLD progression. Significant reductions in liver enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase, as well as serum levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein were observed.
- PublicationDevelopment of smart polybutylene adipate terephthalate (pbat) blending for plant pot application(2022-08-01)The objective of this research was to fabricate PBAT/Starch/PEG and dye that has halochromic properties via two roll mill and compression moulding techniques. The mixing of thymol blue and methyl red was used as pH dye and PBAT-starch was plasticized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) using heated two-roll mill. The halochromic properties of the PBAT/starch/PEG/Dye samples were characterized by visual response where the colour analysis was performed using CIE L*a*b* colour space model. The colour changes of halochromic sample were tested at different pH solution such as hydrochloric acid, boric acid, and sodium hydroxide solution. In addition, its reversibility halochromic properties were also investigated. It was found that sample change colour from orange to green when exposed to alkaline environment while it turns orange to dark orange in acid environment. The changes were rapid, within 1 minutes after exposure. However, its reversibility was tested with immersesample for 30 min. It can be observed that by using naked eye, after 30 minutes dipping distilled water, the sample that was dipped into HCl and boric acid are successfully turn into light orange colour. However, for sample that was immersed in NaOH solution there is no obvious colour changes observed. Morphology of PBAT/starch/PEG/Dye were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It can be concluded that the starch particle in PBAT/Starch/PEG/Dye became small when the amount of PEG increases. The properties of PBAT/Starch/PEG/Dye on the tensile properties were studied. The increasing amount of PEG has improved the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break and tensile modulus.
- PublicationMagnesium and phosphate level during admission in Sepsis patients in relation with mortality and Morbidity in intensive care unit Hospital universiti sains malaysia.(2012)Magnesium And Phosphate Level During Admission In Sepsis Patients In Relation With Mortality And Morbidity In Intensive Care Unit Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Magnesium and phosphate are electrolytes that important for body homeostasis and maintains normal body function. Hypomagnesaemia and hypophosphataemia are frequent phenomenon in hospitalized patient and have a higher prevalence in intensive care. The focus of this study was to determine the prevalence in these both electrolytes in sepsis patient during ICU admission and its relation to mortality and morbidity. The main aim of this study is to determine the level of magnesium and phosphate during ICU admission in sepsis patient admitted to Intensive Care Unit and its relation with mortality and morbidity. This study was a retrospective study with chart review from 108 sepsis adult patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit HUSM from January 2010 to July 2011. The baseline characteristics and ICU outcomes of all patients were retrospectively collected by reviewing their medical record. Patients characteristic including age, sex, APACHE II score, primary reason for ICU, magnesium and phosphate level during admission, ICU stay and last day in ICU were recorded. Total day required for mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, ICU mortality and recovery were recorded. There were 52.3% (34/65) ICU mortality from group hypomagnesaemia, 32.3 %( 21/65) normal magnesium and 15.4% (10/65) hypermagnesaemia (p<0.05). There was statistically significant that 53.8 % (21/39) from patients who were discharge home (recovery) have normal magnesium level compare to 35.9% (14/39) hypomagnesaemia. Hypomagnesaemia group required longer ventilatory support with mean 8.06±7.94 days than normal magnesium level group 5.79±6.089 days. The length of ICU stay was longer in hypomagnesaemia group that is 8.88±7.86 days compare with normal magnesium group 7.00±6.863 days (p>0.05). We found that 43.6 % (17/39) from patients who were discharge home (recovery) have normal phosphate level compare to 33.3% (13/39) hypophosphataemia (p>0.05). We also found for hypophosphataemia group required same duration of ventilator support with mean 7.44±6.66 days with normal phosphate level group 7.47±8.70days. The length of ICU stay is similar in hypophosphataemia group that was 8.96±6.41 days and normal phosphate group 8.49±8.64 days. The study was able to determine that the hypomagnesaemia during admission are associated with higher mortality rate and cause more morbidity in term of prolonged ventilatory support and increase length of ICU stay. However hypophosphataemia did not increase mortality and morbidity.
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