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- PublicationMolecular And Morphological Assessments Of Spotted Sardinella, Amblygaster Sirm (Walbaum, 1792) In Malaysian Marine Waters(2025-04)Jamaludin, Noorul AzlianaThis study addresses the critical problem of significant landing declines of spotted sardinella (Amblygaster sirm) in Southeast Asian waters, particularly in Indonesia and Malaysia, where catches have decreased by up to 75% in some regions. Despite its economic importance, the species lacks comprehensive genetic assessment necessary for effective management, creating an urgent need to determine whether it comprises a single panmictic population or multiple distinct stocks requiring separate conservation approaches. The research aims to evaluate genetic diversity and population structure of A. sirm in Malaysian waters, distinguish separate genetic stocks to establish appropriate management units, and develop science-based sustainable management recommendations applicable at both national and regional levels.