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- PublicationEffects Of Papaya Leaves In Combination With Medicinal Herbs And Probiotic As Functional Feed Additives On Growth Performances And Health Of Hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Ă— O. mossambicus)(2025-08)The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of papaya leaves in combination with medicinal herbs and probiotic as functional feed additives on growth performances, activities of digestive enzymes, intestinal morphology, and haemato-biochemical parameters of hybrid tilapia.
- PublicationImpak Modul Aplikasi Mindfulness Dan Psiko Pendidikan (Mam-P) Terhadap Individu Yang Mengalami Krisis(2025-07)Kesihatan mental kini menjadi fokus utama dalam agenda kesihatan negara susulan ketidakupayaan individu mengurus krisis kehidupan. Kajian ini bertujuan membangunkan Modul Aplikasi Mindfulness dan Psiko-Pendidikan (MAM-P) bagi menangani krisis yang dialami individu. Fasa pertama kajian melibatkan penilaian keperluan menerusi temu bual bersama kaunselor dan individu yang pernah mengalami krisis. Fasa kedua, melibatkan penghasilan draf dan penilaian pakar berdasarkan Model Pembinaan Modul Sidek. Fasa ketiga menggunakan reka bentuk kuasi-eksperimen dengan kaedah penyelidikan campuran melibatkan satu kumpulan rawatan dan ujian pra serta pasca.
- PublicationInternet addiction and social connectedness among secondary school students in SMK Abdul Samad, Machang, Kelantan(2026-08)In the current digital era, internet use has become an integral part of adolescents’ daily lives; however, excessive or uncontrolled internet use may lead to addictive behaviours, which could potentially influence students’ psychological well-being and social relationships. This study aims to assess the level of internet addiction and social connectedness among secondary school students. A quantitative cross-sectional study design was employed. 214 respondents were selected using stratified and random sampling, and data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Pearson’s Correlation was used to determine the correlation between internet addiction and social connectedness. Independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to determine the association between social demographics, internet addiction and social connectedness. The results showed that most respondents were classified as addicted to the internet (n = 198, 92.5%), while (n = 186, 86.9%) of the respondents were classified as socially connected. Pearson’s Correlation indicated a significant but fair negative correlation between internet addiction and social connectedness [r = -0.26, p < 0.001]. One-way ANOVA analysis showed a significant difference in the daily time spent on internet addiction (p < 0.001). A significant difference in social connectedness was found according to gender (p = 0.003). In summary, the findings of this study can serve as a useful reference for the Ministry of Education in identifying the level of internet addiction and social connectedness among secondary school students.
- PublicationBreast cancer prevention awareness and screening barriers among women attending Hospital Pakar Universiti Sains Malaysia (HPUSM)(2026-08)Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and remains a major public health concern in Malaysia. Early detection and awareness of preventive measures are important for reducing morbidity and mortality, yet many women still face barriers to screening. This study aimed to assess breast cancer prevention awareness, identify screening barriers, and examine the association between sociodemographic factors and both awareness and screening barriers among women attending Hospital Pakar Universiti Sains Malaysia (HPUSM). A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 167 women aged 21–70 years using convenience sampling. Descriptive statistics were used to determine awareness levels and screening barriers, while Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to examine associations. The findings showed that 53.3% of respondents had good breast cancer prevention awareness, while 46.7% had poor awareness. More than half of the respondents (52.7%) experienced high screening barriers. This suggests that screening barriers remain a significant issue among the study population and may hinder the uptake of breast cancer screening, despite the availability of screening services and awareness programmes. Educational level was significantly associated with awareness (p = 0.003), while race was significantly associated with screening barriers (p = 0.012). No significant associations were found between age or marital status and the study variables (p > 0.05). In conclusion, although awareness was moderate, screening barriers remain substantial. Strengthening health education and culturally appropriate awareness programmes may improve screening uptake and promote early detection among Malaysian women.
- PublicationKnowledge and preventive practices on dengue fever among residents in Klang Selangor(2026-08)Dengue fever remains a significant public health concern in Malaysia, particularly in highly urbanised states such as Selangor, where the incidence of dengue continues to increase despite ongoing prevention and control efforts. Community knowledge and preventive practices play an important role in reducing dengue transmission and supporting effective disease control measures. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the level of knowledge regarding dengue fever, assess the level of dengue prevention practices, and identify the association between knowledge and preventive practices among residents in Klang, Selangor. A quantitative cross-sectional study design was employed. Data were collected from January 2026 to March 2026 using a self-administered online questionnaire distributed through Google Forms. A total of 182 residents from Klang, Selangor participated in the study through convenience sampling. The questionnaire consisted of three sections, namely socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge regarding dengue fever, and dengue prevention practices. Descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used to analyse the data. The association between knowledge level and preventive practices was examined using the Chi-square test. The findings revealed that the majority of respondents demonstrated a moderate level of knowledge regarding dengue fever (56.0%), followed by a high level of knowledge (39.6%), while only 4.4% exhibited poor knowledge. Most respondents were knowledgeable about dengue symptoms, modes of transmission, mosquito breeding sites, and preventive measures. In terms of dengue prevention practices, the majority of respondents demonstrated a fair level of practice (57.1%), followed by good practice (33.0%), whereas 9.9% demonstrated poor preventive practices. Environmental management measures such as eliminating stagnant water, covering water containers, and cleaning garbage around the house were among the most commonly practiced preventive activities. Furthermore, a statistically significant association was found between knowledge level and dengue prevention practices among residents in Klang, Selangor (χ² = 82.928, df = 4, p < 0.001). In conclusion, residents in Klang, Selangor generally possessed moderate to high levels of knowledge regarding dengue fever and demonstrated fair levels of dengue prevention practices. Knowledge was found to be significantly associated with preventive practices, suggesting that improved knowledge may contribute to better dengue prevention behaviours. However, knowledge alone may not be sufficient to ensure optimal preventive practices. Therefore, continuous health education, behavioural interventions, and community participation are essential to strengthen dengue prevention efforts and reduce the burden of dengue fever within the community.
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- ItemModeling and simulation of reactive distillation column for the production of methyltertiary butyl ether (mtbe) incorporating structured or random packing(2018-06)A simulation of reactive distillation column has been developed for the production of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). The proposed model was validated by comparing the simulated results obtained from Aspen Plus with the simulation data from the literature. The temperature and composition profiles obtained from simulations showed close agreement with the literature reported data. The simulation basis of reactive distillation column was set. It is assumed that the reactive distillation column has a total number of 17 stages. The reactive distillation column has two feed streams, which is a methanol feed on stage 3 and a mixed butenes feed on stage 11. The column pressure used is 11atm. The reflux ratio is 7. With the optimised column configuration and operating conditions, an isobutene conversion up to 99.9 was obtained through simulation. There are 26 different structured and random packings available in Aspen Plus V8.8 are selected in this research. 13 different structured packings and 13 different random packings are simulated by using simulation basis proposed. The packing section of MTBE synthesis set from stage 4 as starting stage and stage 11 as ending stage. The height equivalent of a theoretical plate (HETP), pressure drop and liquid holdup has been determined for different catalytic packing. Simulation results for MTBE synthesis are compared with optimised results that cover the isobutene conversion and MTBE purity.
- PublicationAnalysis Of Selected Antibiotics And Heavy Metals In Northern Malaysia Sewage Treatment Facilities Using A Wastewater Based Epidemiology Approach(2023-05)The purpose of this study was to analyse the presence and the fate of four (4) selected last-resort antibiotics (Colistin, Polymyxin B, Meropenem, and Vancomycin) with the additional five (5) selected heavy metals (Copper, Cadmium, Nickel, Zinc, and Iron) in wastewater samples from 18 different sewage treatment plants (STP) in the northern part of Malaysia.
- PublicationMental health literacy and its associated factors among parents and teachers of secondary school students in peninsular Malaysia(2023-05)The increase in mental health and suicide issues among adolescents calls for the need to improve the parents, caregivers, and teachers’ mental health literacy (MHL) and suicide literacy (SL) to ensure adequate knowledge to provide initial mental health support. The current study aimed to evaluate the levels of mental health and suicide literacies and identify their associated demographic factors. The crosssectional study recruited 867 participants (parents and teachers) across 24 government secondary schools in West Malaysia sampled via a multistage stratified cluster sampling method. The current study used the 12-item Malay Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS-M) and the 26-item Malay Literacy of Suicide Scale (M-LOSS) to assess mental health and suicide literacies. The mean score of overall MHL for the current study sample was 43.82 (SD = 4.07). Study results showed significant mean differences between sexes, religions, education levels, income brackets, had known someone with a mental disorder, had assisted someone with a mental illness, and attended formal training for psychological first aid. Participants who scored higher on their MHL level tend to be female, had known someone with a mental disorder, had assisted someone with a mental disorder, and attended formal psychological first aid training. Upon regression, age, income brackets, knowing someone with mental disorder, and attended formal psychological first aid training were the significant predictors of MHL. As for the SL, the current population scored 54.0% (M = 14.05, SD = 2.61), with the highest rate of correct responses on the treatment and prevention subscale, followed by the risk factors subscale, signs and symptoms subscale, and the lowest in the causes and nature subscale. The mean score difference was found to be significant between school types. There is a significant negative correlation between age and mean SL score, and age was the unique predictor of SL level. Finally, no significant association was found between MHL and SL. The study findings can be used as a foundation for MHL and SL research among the local Malaysian community to guide the development of effective evidence-based intervention programmes for mental health and suicide.
- ItemPiawaian kompetensi ICT untuk guru-guru sains dan matematik: kajian delphi(2010-11)Despite much investment in time and cost spent in training Malaysian science and mathematics teachers on the use and application of ICT knowledge and skills, the effective use of ICT in student-centered learning in the classroom is yet to be fully realized among the students. The main individual in helping student develop these capabilities is the classroom teacher. The researcher contends that an empirically designed ICT competency standard for Malaysian science and mathematics teachers will facilitate the proper design and implementations of ICT-related training programs. The research processes involved a series of scientific research involving qualitative approaches and the Delphi technique. From document analysis, exploratory interviews and round table discussions, a list of specific ICT competencies comprising of 6 main categories, 24 indicators and 36 items underwent three cycles of the Delphi technique to validate the data. The Delphi panel was made up of 33 experts comprising of educational technology experts, lecturers and school teachers who are experienced in the use and application of ICT. These experts were identified using snowball sampling method. The results were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 and MS EXCEL software. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric test such as frequency count, measure central of tendency, quartile deviations and Wilcoxon Match-paired Signed-rank tests were employed to analyze the data. Only statements which achieved high consensus level and high rating were used in the establishment of the ICT competency standards for this study. Analysis of the data revealed that 5 main categories (Planning and Designing Learning Environment; Smart Pedagogy; e-Assessment and e-Evaluation; Lifelong Professional Learning, Practice and Productivity; and Social and Cyber Moral Value) and 17 competency indicators were ranked to be very important and achieved high consensus level. Based on the findings of this study, the Malaysian ICT Competency Standards for Science and Mathematics Teachers was established. In addition, a total of 30 items were listed as a set of evaluation criteria that can be used to measure teachers' ICT competency level based on this newly developed competency standards. It is recommended that the curriculum for ICT training programmes for in-service teachers be revised and designed in alignment with the research findings of this study. This standard can ensure that all the ICT trainings undertaken by teachers are of high quality and are relevant to the Malaysian teaching and learning contexts.
- ItemA retrospective study of in hospital time management of acute stroke patient in the emergency department Hospital Kuala Lumpur(Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan, 2008)The Emergency Department Hospital Kuala Lumpur commonly receives cases of patients presented with signs and symptoms of acute stroke in which majority of them are send for CT Brain for confirmation of diagnosis. However in a case of acute ischaemic stroke none of them had been given fibrinolytic therapy or r-tpa in which assumption made that the patient had missed the beneficial period of the therapy which is within 3 hours from the onset of symptoms. The objectives of the study are to analyse the in-hospital time taken for stroke patients when arrives in the Emergency Department until the diagnosis of stroke is confirmed. This will include the time interval from door to medical consultation,door to CT scan performed till door to CT scan film interpreted.Besides this the time of symptoms onset is also studied as well as the demographic profile of the stroke patients. The association between the demographic factor and stroke risk factors with the time of hospital arrival is also include in the study. A total of 200 patients were involved in the study. All subjects were those age more than 18 years old who presented to the emergency department with the signs and symptoms of acute stroke and had CT brain done.The data analyse will be collected retrospectively through case notes in which the detail of the patients, demographic factor, history of presenting complaint, past medical history, social history, time documentation when seen by doctor till CT film interpretation will be reviewed. In this study the data analysed are stroke patients presented to the Emergency Department Hospital Kuala Lumpur in a period of 1 year from 1st April 2007 until 31st March 2008 From 200 patients 42% of them are Malay followed by Chinese (36.5%), Indian (18.5%) and others (3.0%). Male accounted for 65% while female accounted for 35%. The mean age was 58.3 years old with 58.5% were more than 55 years old. The CT brain finding shows infarct in 42.5% of patients, normal CT finding accounted for 39% and haemorrhagic stroke in 18.5% of patients. The percentage of patients who arrived more than 3 hours from the onset of symptoms was 73% while less than 3 hours was 27% . Most of the patient is triaged to the yellow zone which accounted for 45.5%, followed by the green zone which is 41.5% and the red zone (13%) . As for the in-hospital time analysis, it is found that the mean time interval for door to medical consultation is 24.2 minutes and the mean time interval for door to CT is 52.3 minutes. Hypertension occurs highest most among the patients (52.5%) followed by diabetes (41.5%),family history of stroke (23%), smoking (21%), ischaemic heart disease (14.5%), previous history of stroke (8%) and hyperlipidaemia (3.5%). There is a significant association between time of hospital arrival and age in which pvalue is less than 0.05. The significant independent predictors for time of hospital arrival is age (OR 1.83,95% CI 0.958,3.502), Hypertension (OR 1.99,95% CI 0.989,3.906) and ischaemic heart disease (OR 0.424,95%CI 0.174,1.036). 73% of stroke patients arrives late to the Emergency Department Hospital Kuala Lumpur. There is also an in-hospital delay in which may jeopardise the chance of patient for fibrinolytic therapy. Critical pathway might need to be structured in the emergency department to overcome the delay, hence improving the care of stroke patient.