Publication: Development and performance study on sodium ion battery
Loading...
Date
2024-07-10
Authors
Nursolehah binti Mohd Roshidi
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
The depletion of lithium resources has increased using sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). SIBs work similarly to LIBs and have the advantage of using abundant sodium resources. The electrolyte, an important part of rechargeable batteries, greatly affects how well SIBs work. This study aimed to develop a sodium ion battery and evaluate its performance by testing different electrolytes and electrode combinations, focusing on the effects of saltwater mixed with sodium hydroxide and the durability of zinc and hard carbon electrodes. The main goals were to determine the most efficient and durable electrolyte and assess the performance and longevity of various electrode combinations. The findings revealed that using an electrolyte of saltwater mixed with sodium hydroxide produced an initial voltage of 5.81V and an energy output of 2.278 mWh, making it more efficient than plain saltwater due to sodium hydroxide’s high conductivity; however, sodium hydroxide also caused faster corrosion of the electrodes. By using saltwater produced the lowest voltage but was more stable and caused less corrosion, making it a better option for longer-lasting cells. Testing different electrode combinations showed that the zinc-carbon pair generated the highest voltage of 0.99V due to zinc’s ability to donate electrons efficiently and carbon’s high conductivity and stability. A battery consisting of five cells powered a bulb for 2 hours, starting at 5.81V and dropping to 2.51V, with power decreasing from 5.58 mW to 0.056 mW, indicating a loss of energy and efficiency due to increased internal resistance over time. Zinc electrodes produced higher initial voltages but degraded faster than hard carbon electrodes, it reduced efficiency. The best combination for this experiment was zinc and carbon electrodes with saltwater mixed with sodium hydroxide electrolyte, significantly impacting the efficiency, stability, and longevity of the sodium ion battery. This research provides valuable insights for developing high-performance, durable sodium ion batteries, potentially offering an alternative to lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and other applications.