Publication: Impact Of Titanium Nitride Nanoparticles On Structure & Optical Properties Of Neodymium/Thulium Ions Co-Doped Tellurite Glass
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Date
2025-09
Authors
Abu Zaibidin, Nur Farah Asyiqa
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Abstract
The small emission cross-section of rare earth ions (REIs)-doped tellurite glass limits its utilisation in optical fibre amplifiers and solid-state lasers. The study develops a novel glass composition by modifying concentrations of TiN NPs ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 mol% into tungsten-bismuth tellurite glasses co-doped with Nd3+ and Tm3+. Glasses are synthesised via the melt-quenching technique. Structural analyses revealed modifications in the glass network. XRD confirmed the glass’s amorphous nature with a broad hump at 20 – 40°, while a peak at 36° indicated the presence of TiN NPs at higher concentrations. HR-TEM revealed particle size and particle distribution, while Raman and FTIR spectra suggested network depolymerisation due to TiN NPs. Optical analyses (UV-Vis-NIR and PL) highlighted enhanced emission and absorption properties. Luminescence enhancement at Tm3+: 3F2→3H6 (648 nm) transition maximised at 0.2 mol% TiN NPs with 3.13-fold enhancement, driven by the localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. Semi-empirical analyses using the Judd-Ofelt and McCumber theories validated the material’s potential for laser applications, demonstrating high emission cross-sections and gain coefficients. The results underscore the critical role of structural modifications in enhancing optical performance, positioning TiN NPs-modified tellurite glasses as promising candidates for solid-state lasers, optical fibre amplifiers, and near-infrared technologies.
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Keywords
Impact Of Titanium Nitride Nanoparticles On Structure , Optical Properties Of Neodymium , Thulium Ions Co-Doped Tellurite Glass