Publication: Adsorption efficiency of tetracycline in aqueous solution using cellulose nanocrystal – layered double hydroxide
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Date
2024-10-01
Authors
Mohammad Saood, Manzar
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Abstract
Tetracycline antibiotics (TC) are known to be toxic to microbial communities and can accumulate as it rises up the food chain, which enhances the growth and spread of antibiotic resistance. Adsorption technology is one of its treatment options, but commercial adsorbents such as activated carbon, silica gel etc. have poor reusability and adsorption capacity. Cellulose is a bio based material that is known to reinforce parent material with fillers like layer double hydroxide (LDH) in order to produce environmental friendly and sustainable nanomaterial products that have accessibility in landscaping, good biodegradability and is non toxic. A unique, sustainable CNC layered double hydroxide biocomposite was developed in this study for the efficient sorption of TC from the aqueous phase. SEM, XRD, FTIR and BET surface area analysis were conducted to characterize the adsorbent produced. The adhesion of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) to the surface of MgAl-LDH and MgFe-LDH was validated by SEM images and XRD patterns. High specific surface areas of 101.927 and m2 g-1, respectively, were displayed by CNC-LDH and CNC-MgFe-LDH composites. The adsorption mechanism and environmental valuation were explored by means of dissimilar adsorption models. Pseudo-second-order kinetic models and data on adsorption kinetics are closely related as it has high fitting quality. Tetracycline was found to be less rapidly eliminated in the occurrence of electrolytes in the solution. Adsorption rapidly reaches its maximum adsorption capability after 180 minutes of material contact. The Langmuir isotherm model provided a more accurate fit to the equilibrium data for two adsorbents (CNC-MgAl and CNC-MgFe LDHs), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 165.49 and 153.3 mg g-1, respectively. Spontaneous endothermic adsorption was predicted by thermodynamics. The tetracycline removal efficiency of the adsorbents was close to 40 mg g-1 for both CNC-LDHs even after five regeneration rounds. In conclusion, the composite shows great prospective in cleansing the tetracycline contaminated water.