Publication: Effects of spent coffee grounds in honey thin film on resistive switching characteristics
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Date
2025-08-01
Authors
Jerey, Low Chin Chen
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Abstract
The escalating e-waste crisis in Malaysia, projected to reach 365 tonnes annually, drives the development of bioorganic RRAM. The objective of this research is to study the effects of the concentration of extract from spent coffee grounds (SCGs) and the drying temperatures of SCGs on the resistive performance of honey thin films. Different concentrations of extract from SCGs with adding different weight percentage of SCGs in ethanol (0 wt%, 2 wt%, 4 wt%, 6 wt%, and 8 wt%) were added to 30 wt% of honey solutions. On the other hand, 6 wt% of SCGs with different drying temperatures (undried, 150 °C, 350 °C, 450 °C, and 500 °C) were incorporated into 30 wt% of honey solution. The SCG-honey precursor solution was then deposited on ITO glass slides and dried at 120 °C for 8 hours. Then gold was deposited as the top electrode on the thin film. Characterization method such as thermogravimetric analysis, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Particle Size Analyser, Zeta Potential, Fourier Transform Infra-red, Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis, Raman Spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy and goniometer are used to characterized the SCGs, honey, precursor solutions and thin film. The ON/OFF ratio and the memory window of the device were then calculated. For the first parameter (concentration of extracts from SCGs), the results showed the Au/SCGs-honey/ITO ReRAM devices with concentrations of extract from SCGs at 6 wt% had the most optimum resistive switching performance, with an ON/OFF ratio of 102.08 and a memory window of 2.57 V. In the second parameter (drying temperature of SCGs), the Au/SCGs-honey/ITO ReRAM devices with SCGs dried at 500 °C showed the most optimum resistive performance, with an ON/OFF ratio of 102.27 and a memory read window of 1.96 V