Publication: Development of evaporative soil cooling system for space cooling
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Date
2024-07
Authors
Muhammad Faiezzi bin Saleh Osman
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Abstract
Malaysia is the country that faces global warming due to high temperatures, leading to increased demand for air conditioning systems. However, the traditional air conditioning contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental harm. It also consumes high energy and electricity, negatively impacts temperature reductions and contributes to climate change. According to the latest predictions, about 25% to 58% of global warming will be caused by air conditioning only in less than 30 years. To curb these environmental issues, there is a pressing call for sustainable cost-effective solutions to this menace as well as more efficient ones for improved ventilation or even better cooling system designs. Soil cooling focused research will be very important in coming up with better ways of chilling that are effective without causing harm to the environment. The method uses to develop the soil cooling system in this project is using two system which is direct evaporative cooling for system 1 and indirect evaporative cooling for system 2 by using a two-bar air compressor with a several parameters that need to investigate. The experimental research for this project is to determine the lowest temperature that can be achieved by using sand as a cooling medium. The data collected throughout the experiment reveals that changing the parameter such as the air velocity, mass of sand, and water flow rate can improve the cooling process. The result shows that in experimental system 1, at an air velocity range of 1.9 m/s to 4.7 m/s and a mass of 2.6 kg, it can lower the sand temperature from 28.7 °C to 24.2 °C. By using the air velocity ranging from 1.9 to 4.5 m/s and the 2.6 kg sand parameter in system 2, the cooling process for system 2 provides a better result in producing cold water and air with a lower temperature of 26.8 °C for water and 27.2°C for air from a initial temperature 27.7 °C by using the slower water flow rate, which is 0.3 L/min. From this result, the prototype for evaporative soil cooling can achieve a maximum coefficient of performance (COP) of 0.0013 for cooling sand, 1.2109 for cooling water, and 3.3418 for cooling air. Finally, this development summarises the potential and benefits of applying the evaporative process and heat exchanger process in the Malaysian climate for cooling systems to reduce energy usage in buildings and greenhouse gas emissions.