Publication: Glass and glass-ceramics from rice husk
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Date
2009-05-01
Authors
Lim, Ai Ling
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Abstract
A glass that is based on an aluminosilicate system, SiO2 - Al2O3 – Na2O3 –CaCO3 was produced by using rice husk ash as a substitute source for silica, SiO2. Rice husk was prepared by drying and grinding it to smaller size of 0.5mm. DSC/TG analysis was conducted on the rice husk powder. Rice husk ash was prepared by combusting the ground and dried rice husk in a furnace at 950⁰C for 2 hours of soaking time. XRF analysis confirmed that the SiO2 content in the rice husk ash is 90.210 weight % and the XRD displayed that the ash produced is mainly cristobalite silica. Particle size distribution and BET surface area analyses and were carried out on the ash. The batch composition was calculated before melting the glass at 1500⁰C for 5 hours of soaking time. A colourless, transparent and bubble-free glass was successfully produced. Subsequently heat treatment was done on the glass at a nucleation temperature of 900⁰C for 2 hours followed by a crystallization temperature of 1000⁰C and 1200⁰C respectively for 4 hours, both of which had successfully produced glass-ceramic samples (A and B). Density test was performed on the glass and glass-ceramic samples (A and B) giving the values of 2.4716 g/cm3, 2.3920 g/cm3 and 2.4732 g/cm3, respectively. Hardness (Knoops) test for glass and glass-ceramic samples (A and B) gave values of 264HK, 190HK and 233HK, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the morphology and crystal produced in the glass-ceramic samples (A and B).