Publication: To design and fabricate a pneumatic stamping machine
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Date
2002-03-01
Authors
Wong, Goon Fook
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Abstract
Most of the stamping machines use to make lead frames utilises hydraulic as its
main movers. But nowadays, with the advancement in the electronics industries, more
and more electronics components are getting smaller. These include the thickness of
lead frames. These have made it possible for us to use pneumatic instead of hydraulic
as the main mover in stamping machine.
Actually for this project a prototype was developed last year. But this prototype
operates manually. So the purpose of this project is to automate the prototype. For this
reason, an indexer was developed. To develop this indexer, we have to go through a
series of processes.
The first step after several observations and surveys on the previous prototype is
to design the indexer. The design involves conceptual design, calculations, preparation
of engineering drawings, and fabrications. This also includes modifications of several
components developed last year.
After all the physical parts of the indexer have been developed, the next step is
to develop a control system to control the indexer automatically. For this, a
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is used. To develop the ladder diagram for PLC,
GRAFCET is used. GRAFCET is a method to represent a sequence in graphical form.
The next step is to install all the components of the indexer and to test it. This
also includes downloading the ladder diagram to the PLC. The prototype was tested
manually, whereby all the parts were moved by hand and the input and output of the
PLC was monitored. Then after confirming that the sequence was correct, the prototype
was tested automatically.
After the prototype was tested, the next step is to install the tool and die of the
prototype. There is a problem in aligning the tool and die. Because of this the tool and
die was unable to function properly. This is because of several errors that existed
during the fabrication processes. But the overall objective and the scopes of this project
was achieved.