Publication: Mechanical, durability and leaching characteristics of mortar containing clinical waste incineration fly ash incorporated with silica fume
| dc.contributor.author | Ezliana, Ghazali | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-11-26T08:02:11Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-11-26T08:02:11Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024-09-01 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The increasing generation of clinical waste incineration ash (CWIFA) poses disposal challenges due to high costs, limited land availability, and pollution concerns. However, incorporating it as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in mortar could mitigate the unsustainable use of Portland cement in construction. However, before implementing this approach, it is crucial to ensure that the CWIFA is solidified and stabilised within the mortar to prevent the leaching of harmful heavy metals into the environment. This study aims to investigate using CWIFA and silica fume (SF) as SCMs in mortar for partial replacement of Portland cement. Furthermore, increasing CWIFA production raises disposal concerns. Incorporating CWIFA and SF into mortar can improve its mechanical properties and reduce the mortar’s carbon footprint. This study investigates the effects of CWIFA and SF on the durability and the leaching behaviour of mortar's solidification/stabilisation (S/S) when CWIFA, SF and Portland cement are used. The study involved producing a total of 630 mortar samples, divided into Series 1 and Series 2. Series 1 consisted of mortars with different percentages of CWIFA (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 15%). Meanwhile, Series 2 included mortars with varying percentages of CWIFA (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) with incorporated 10% SF. Both series maintained a constant fine aggregate-to-cementitious ratio of 2.75 and a water-to-cementitious ratio of 0.485. The study investigated the effect of adding CWIFA and SF on mortar's fresh and mechanical properties and their impact on durability properties, such as chloride permeability and total porosity. It examined the correlation between various properties of mortar mixtures. The results indicated that the addition of CWIFA and SF improved the microstructure of the mortar, leading to enhanced strength and durability. 5% CWIFA and 10% SF (C5SF10) in mortar increase compressive strength, reaching up to (23.0%) 44.92 MPa and increasing flexural strength 21.05% (9.20 MPa) after 180 days compared to control mortar (C0SF0). C5SF10 mortar mixtures improve the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) values and durability of mortar. Furthermore, Portland cement and 10% SF in mortar effectively enhance physical encapsulation and minimise heavy metal leaching (nickel, arsenic, chromium, lead, and selenium) using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP USEPA Method 1311). The study found that incorporating these materials effectively immobilised heavy metals and prevented their leaching into the environment. Overall, the novel findings suggest that incorporating CWIFA and SF can improve the performance of mortar mixtures, leading to potential applications in construction and environmental remediation. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://erepo.usm.my/handle/123456789/23162 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.title | Mechanical, durability and leaching characteristics of mortar containing clinical waste incineration fly ash incorporated with silica fume | |
| dc.type | Resource Types::text::thesis::doctoral thesis | |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
| oairecerif.author.affiliation | Universiti Sains Malaysia |