Fabrication and characterization of gelatin coated porous Biphasic β-Tricalcium phosphate/carbonate apatite scaffolds
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Date
2019-06
Authors
Nur Nadhirah Binti Muhaime
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Abstract
Biphasic β-tricalcium phosphate/carbonate apatite (β-TCP/CO3Ap) scaffolds
are considered a suitable candidate for bone tissue engineering. The aim of this project
is to study the effect of sintering temperature and soaking time on the phase
transformation. In this research, gelatin coated porous biphasic β-TCP/CO3Ap
scaffolds were fabricated by freeze drying method. Different gelatin/β-TCP
compositions were mixed with polyvinyl alcohol and glutaraldehyde and casted in a
polyvinyl chloride pipe and freezed dried for 24 hours. The fabricated scaffolds were
then sintered at 1200⁰C and 1300⁰C for 2, 4 and 6 hours and quenched in air to form
biphasic β-TCP/α-TCP scaffolds. Longer soaking time increases the amount of
transformation of β-TCP to α-TCP. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that
only scaffolds sintered at 1300⁰C partially transformed β-TCP phase to α-TCP phase.
Biphasic β-TCP/α-TCP scaffolds are then undergone dissolution-precipitation reaction
with 1M of sodium bicarbonate at 200⁰C for 5 days to transform to biphasic β
TCP/CO3Ap scaffolds. XRD, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and
scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis confirmed the phase transformation.
The biphasic β-TCP/CO3Ap scaffolds are then coated with gelatin. XRD, FTIR and
SEM analysis confirms the presence of characteristics functional groups of gelatin
after coating process. The highest compressive strength is obtained by biphasic β
TCP/CO3Ap scaffolds sintered for 2 hours which is 3.96 MPa. The longer soaking
time of 6 hours produce smallest pore size of 212 μm. In conclusion, gelatin coated
porous biphasic β-TCP/CO3Ap scaffolds shows a great potential as bone substitute.