Detection Of Host-Specific Immunogenic Proteins In The Sera Of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Oscc) Patients
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Date
2015-05
Authors
AZMAN, SITI NURAISHAH
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Abstract
Oral cancer is the sixth most prevalent cancer in the world and the predominant type, oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) deriving from the oral mucosa constitute more than 90% of malignancies and generating nearly 300,000 new cases annually. The main challenge of improving the survival rate of OSCC patients is that oral cancer is often not detected until the later stages resulting in only half of those diagnosed with the disease surviving more than five years. The early-stage patients have an excellent 5-year survival rate of more than 80% unlike the late stages patients Therefore, the development of suitable and reliable biomarkers of OSCC is greatly needed to assist in early detection which may reduce the mortality associated with oral cancer. In this study, two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and immunoblotting techniques were employed to identify novel circulating markers in sera from OSCC patients. The protein profiles obtained were compared and analyzed using PDQuest software and were further identified with immunoblotting using pooled sera (primary antibody) and monoclonal anti-human IgM-HRP (secondary antibody). The spots of interest were identified using MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry followed by MASCOT protein database search. Differences in the expressions of alpha-1-B-glycoprotein (ABG), haptoglobin (HAP), clusterin (CLU), leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein (LRG), retinol binding protein 4 precursors (RBP4), PRO2044, and proapolipoprotein (Proapo-AI) were observed in OSCC patients’ sera when compared with normal controls. Of those proteins, only four host specific
proteins namely CLU, HAP, Proapo-AI and RBP4 exhibited immunogenicity in Western blots whilst five non-host hypothetical proteins of Acinetobacter lwoffii, Burkholderia multivorans, Myxococcus xanthus, Laribacter hongkongensis and hemolysin A of Streptococcus salivarius were also observed. This study can be perceived as a stepping stone in the development of potential protein markers that facilitate the identification of OSCC at an early stage. In addition, the approach of analyzing the relationship of OSCC with bacteria has shown some very promising result which is significantly informative.
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Detection Of Host-Specific Immunogenic Proteins , In The Sera Of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Oscc) Patients