Fabrication and characterization of porous alginate-biphasic β-tricalcium phosphate-carbonate apatite scaffolds
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Date
2016-06
Authors
Yong, Xuan Hui
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Abstract
In this research, biphasic - ß tricalcium phosphate/carbonate apatite (ß -TCP/CO3Ap) scaffolds incorporated alginates were fabricated. Sodium alginate was extracted from local brown seaweed, Sargassum Polycystum via calcium alginate process. Biphasic ß -TCP/CO3Ap scaffolds were fabricated by polymer reticulate method. ß -TCP slurry was used as starting material to infiltrate into the polyurethane (PU) foam, then sintered up to 1300°C for 4 hours and immediately quenched in still air to form biphasic ß -TCP ß /-TCP scaffold. XRD analysis confirmed partial of the ß -TCP phase transformed into ß -TCP. Biphasic ß -TCP/ ß -TCP scaffold was then transformed to biphasic ß -TCP/CO3Ap scaffold by subjecting the biphasic ß -TCP/ ß -TCP scaffold into dissolution-precipitation reaction with 1M of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) at 170°C for 1, 3 and 5 days. Biphasic ß -TCP/CO3Ap scaffold that undergone 5 days dissolution-precipitation reaction was chosen to be incorporated with 1%, 3% and 5% of sodium alginate. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups of sodium alginate after the coating was done. Mechanical strength of biphasic ß -TCP/CO3Ap scaffold increased by increasing the concentration of sodium alginate. The highest mechanical strength achieved was 26.38 kPa by biphasic ß -TCP/CO3Ap scaffold with 5% sodium alginate coating and it was chosen to further study with the addition of 1%, 3% and 5% microspheres. SEM analysis confirmed the attachment of microspheres on the surface of alginate/biphasic ß -TCP/CO3Ap scaffold was successful.