Adsorption Of Chloramphenicol By Activated Carbon Derived From Palm Kernel Shell Via Microwave Irradiation
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Date
2021-06-01
Authors
Luqman, Farihah
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Abstract
This study aims to synthesis activated carbon (AC) derived from palm kernel shell
(PKS) to adsorb chloramphenicol (CAP) from aqueous solution. This palm kernel shell
activated carbon (PKS-AC) was produced via physical activation method that involves carbon
dioxide (CO2) gasification and heating process via microwave. The effects of preparation
conditions of microwave radiation power and radiation time on CAP removal efficiency and
AC’s yield were optimized via response surface methodology (RSM). Optimum preparation
conditions for PKS-AC were identified, including radiation power of 364 W and 2 min of
radiation time. These optimum conditions contributed to relatively high CAP removal of
85.93% and AC’s yield of 37.02%. Through elemental analysis, the total fixed carbon for raw
PKS was found to be 40.23% and greatly increased to 71.86% (optimized PKS-AC) after
activation process. The equilibrium studies which involved initial CAP concentration, contact
time, the temperature of solution and pH solutions based on adsorption of CAP on optimized
PKS-AC were performed. The adsorption of CAP onto optimized PKS-AC followed Langmuir
isotherm where the maximum adsorption capacities were 22.83, 23.70 and 24.88mg/g for 30°C,
45°C and 60°C respectively. Kinetic studies revealed that adsorption of CAP onto PKS-AC
followed pseudo-second order kinetic model while thermodynamic studies confirmed that the
adsorption system was endothermic in nature. Mechanism studies described that the CAP
adsorption process was govern by film diffusion mechanism model.