Cure characteristics, tear strength, diffusion, morphological and magnetic properties of carbonyl iron filled natural rubber/waste natural rubber glove blends
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Date
2017-06
Authors
Goh, Yik Xiang
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Abstract
Carbonyl iron filled natural rubber/waste natural rubber glove blends were prepared at various loading of carbonyl iron for series I. Investigation on cure characteristics, tear strength, diffusion and magnetic properties had been done. Scorch time (ts2) and cure tine (t90) decreased with increasing carbonyl iron loading. This was due to the presence of metal oxide formed by carbonyl iron. Other than that, increasing curing temperature caused the ts2 and t90 to decrease. Torque difference increased with increasing carbonyl iron loading due to the increment of crosslink density but decreased with increasing temperature. The activation energy decreased as carbonyl iron loading increased. This phenomena can be related to the result shown in t90 where metal oxide in carbonyl iron accelerate the curing process. Tear strength of the rubber composites decreased with carbonyl iron loading due to the agglomeration of carbonyl iron, weak filler-rubber interaction and filler detachment as shown in SEM images. Concentration of rubber matrix and crosslink density of the rubber composites strongly affect the absorption of toluene into rubber matrix. To determine the transport mode of toluene in the rubber composites, n values were calculated. Mean interparticle distance of carbonyl iron decreased when there were more carbonyl iron added, thus the magnetic flux density of the rubber composites increased with increasing carbonyl iron loading. Carbonyl iron loading was fixed at 60 phr and different loading of carbon black were added to form hybrid rubber composites for series II. The experimental purpose is the same with series I. Effect of carbon black that can be seen clearly is t90 increased with increasing carbon black loading. Activation energy of the hybrid rubber composites were linear with the cure time. Tear strength of the hybrid rubber composites increased with carbon black loading. From SEM images, agglomeration and detachment of carbonyl iron decreased and the dispersion of carbonyl iron was better. However, by adding carbon black, the mean interparticle distance between carbonyl iron increased, thus reduce the magnetic flux density of the rubber composites.