Comparative performance of natural coagulants for the treatment of fish farm wastewater
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Date
2018-06
Authors
Fakhira Huda Che Yusuf
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Abstract
A coagulation – flocculation process using chitosan and Moringa oleifera seeds
extract as natural coagulants is reported for fish farm wastewater treatment in this study. The
main objective to be achieved is to determine the best coagulant for highest removal of
suspended solid through the coagulation - flocculation process. Therefore, optimization
treatment to serve this purpose was performed using jar tests and applying a response surface
methodology (RSM) to the results. A 24
full-factorial central composite design (CCD) was
chosen to explain the effect and interaction of four factors: coagulant dosage, pH, mixing
time and settling time. The CCD is successfully demonstrated to efficiently determine the
optimized parameters, where 84% of turbidity removal was observed for wastewater samples
treated with chitosan at optimized condition of 100 mg/l coagulant dosage, pH 6, 15 minutes
mixing time and 10 minutes settling time and 47% of turbidity removal at optimized
condition of 400 mg/l coagulant dosage, pH 10, 15 minutes mixing time and 10 minutes
settling time for M. oleifera seeds extract. The wastewater samples treated using the selected
optimized condition were further analyzed on their final values of ammonia, Chemical
Oxygen Demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS),total volatile solids (TVS) and
phosphate concentrations. Chitosan demonstrated a better removal efficiency than M.
oleifera with 64% removal on COD, 70% on TSS, 64% on VSS and 80% removal on
phosphate while M. oleifera has a slightly better performance in ammonia removal efficiency
at 32%. Hence, chitosan is proven to be a better choice of coagulant than M.oleifera.