Characteristics study of efb briquettes and its potential use as dual fuel in cvcc
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Date
2018-05
Authors
Mohammad Fairuz Abd Rahman
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Abstract
As a renewable energy, biomass has potential to replace depletion of fossil fuel for
automotive and power generation applications. In this study, empty fruit bunch (EFB) is
used as a biomass source to become the producer gas to test into constant volume
combustion chamber (CVCC). The limitations of fibrous biomass have low bulk density
from 80-100kg/𝑚3
that give difficulties to store and transport. One of the methods to
improve the biomass characteristic by using the densification process or called briquetting.
Roller press machine was used in briquetting process to convert the EFB into pillow-briquette. The pillow-briquettes is based on EFB characterized at different percentage of
water and binder of tapioca starch. But the briquetting process was failed due to fibrous
biomass need more compression to become a briquette. So, manually briquette has been
done which provide more compaction pressure of 100 kPa compared to pillow briquetting
machine of 40 kPa. The manual briquetting used a mold that compacting with hammer to
produce cylindrical briquette with new composition of water and binder. The quality
characteristic such as compressive strength and calorific value of EFB has been done via
compressive load test and calorimeter test. Based on the result obtained, EFB briquette
with composition of mixture 120%W and 30%S has the highest calorific value which is
17.394 MJ/kg and highest maximum compressive load which is 939.66 N. This process
should further to produce the producer gas from EFB briquette to supply into the CVCC
but there is some constraint that cannot be avoided. In this study, the producer gas that had
been replaced by liquified petroleum gas (LPG) to run in the CVCC with diesel to identify
the spray and combustion characteristic. The visualization technique to measure the
macroscopic spray characteristic such as spray tip penetration, spray cone angle and spray
width. The injection pressure of diesel was varied from 60 MPa to 100 MPa and injected
to the CVCC with combusted LPG. Tip penetration of 100 MPa and 80 MPa have the same
value which is 57 mm due to maximum radius of CVCC but spray cone angle of 100MPa
has the highest value which is 11.7mm thus affected the widest width of spray. In addition,
the injection pressure of 100MPa of diesel produced biggest yellow flame.