NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TSUNAMI ASSOCIATED WITH THE INDONESIAN TSUNAMI 2004
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Date
2007-04
Authors
GOH, YAH RU
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Abstract
The Indonesian tsunami (December 26,2004) is now established to be the strongest in
the world over the past 40 years. It resulted in devastations amounting to national
calamities in several parts of the Indian Ocean including Peninsular Malaysia and
North Sumatra. A numerical model based on the nonlinear shallow-water equations in
cylindrical polar coordinate system was developed and the results presented in a
previous study (Roy et al 2007). In that study finite difference scheme (forward in
time and central in space) was used to solve the equations. In this study numerical
simulations are performed with the help of this model to simulate the tsunami of
December 26, 2004. The vertically integrated shallow water equations are solved
using leap-frog calculations on a staggered grid system. The tsunami waves reach
Penang Island in Malaysia and North Sumatra within 240 minutes and 30 minutes
respectively and those are in reasonable agreement with the real tsunami event of
December 26,2004. This study also gives the amplitude of the tsunami waves and its
arrival time. The model results are validated with the field observations and the data
available in USGS website. The initial withdrawal of water from the beach is also
examined. It is also found that the nature of the source condition has a significant
effect on the initial withdrawal of water from the coast.
Key words: Malaysia, Thailand, Shallow \vater model, December 26, 2004 tsunami at
Sumatra, Tsunami propagation and surge.
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Keywords
NUMERICAL , SIMULATION