Macroscopic Fluid Flow Of Low Gradient Magnetophoresis Through Cellulose Matrix
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Date
2022-07-01
Authors
James, Law Kah Chun
Journal Title
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Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
In this work, the kinetics of macroscopic fluid flow of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) solution through cellulose matrix under low gradient magnetic field (<100 𝑇/𝑚) are investigated. The modelled system is to drop droplets of IONP solution using four different types of IONP (naked nanospheres, PSS-70k coated nanospheres, naked nanorods, and PSS-70k coated nanorods) onto grade 5 Whatman filter paper. The modified Gillespie equation (power model) is used to model the two phases of radial wicking kinetics with a limited liquid reservoir. For all IONP types used, there is a maximum IONP concentration with the fastest kinetics in each radial wicking phase which suggests the importance of IONP-IONP and IONP-cellulose fibre interactions in slowing down the macroscopic fluid flow through the cellulose matrix. The difference between the fluid velocity between IONP solutions and blank solutions calculated from the fitted power model is too fast, suggesting the low gradient magnetophoresis through the cellulose matrix should be cooperative. Experimental results show the PSS-70k coated nanorods have higher first phase (first phase power: 0.7668) and second phase (second phase power: 0.3458) kinetics compared to its naked counterpart (first phase power: 0.5432; second phase power: 0.1746) . For nanospheres, PSS-70k coating did not improve the second phase kinetics where PSS-70k coated nanospheres (0.2606) has higher second phase power than naked nanospheres (0.1256). PSS-70k coated nanorods (second phase power: 0.3458) have faster second phase kinetics compared to PSS-70k coated nanospheres (second phase power: 0.2606). However, naked nanospheres (second phase power: 0.1256) have higher second-phase kinetics compared to naked nanorods (second phase power: 0.5432). This suggests that the fast aggregation of naked nanorods made it challenging to move through the cellulose matrix. This study has provided experimental evidence that in coupling with capillary pulling, magnetic nanoparticles could improve the radial wicking kinetics in the first and second phases through cellulose matrix using a low gradient magnetic field.