Antioxidant and phenolic content of cymbopogon citratus extracted by maceration method
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Date
2019-06
Authors
Nur Aisyah Binti Shafie
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Abstract
Cymbopogon citratus (C.citratus), well-known medicinal herb which possess powerful biological activities such as antioxidants. In the present study, maceration technique was used to extract the phenolic compounds of C.citratus. The antioxidant activity (TAA) and total phenolic content (TPC) of extract were determined under various different experimental parameters (solvent type, extraction time and solid-to-solvent ratio). Total phenolic content of C.citratus extract was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method. The results showed that TPC of ethanol extract was the highest (37.2 mg GAE/g) compared to water (32.8 mg GAE/g) and methanol extract (30.6 mg GAE/g). The optimum time and solid-to-solvent ratio for extraction of phenolic compounds were 2 days and 1:35 respectively. DPPH radical scavenging assay was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the plant extract and the results were expressed in term of IC50. The ethanol extract possessed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 12.12 mg/mL) followed by methanol (IC50 = 18.71 mg/mL) and water (IC50 = 39.37 mg/mL). 1 day of extraction time exhibited the highest TAA with the IC50 value of 1.92 mg/mL compared to 2 days (3.05 mg/mL) and 3 days (3.08 mg/mL). Meanwhile, the total antioxidant activity by using 1:25 ratio was the highest among the other solid-to-solvent ratio since it showed the lowest value of IC50 (10.21 mg/mL).