Estimation Of Run-Up Amplification Factors For Penang
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Date
2017-06
Authors
Lim i, Yong Hu
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
The mega-tsunami that struck Malaysia on 26 December 2004 affected 200 kilometres of northwest Peninsular Malaysian coastline from Perlis to Selangor. This rare catastrophic event has awakened the attention of Malaysian government to take appropriate risk reduction measures, including timely and orderly evacuation. To determine the evacuation zones, the height of the tsunami waves arriving the shore must be predicted. Model simulations are too time-consuming for real time predictions. Therefore, in this thesis, an approach of applying run-up amplification factors to estimate the run-up heights is proposed as a simple way to obtain quick estimation of the run-up heights by multiplying the run-up amplification factors with the offshore incident wave heights detected by tsunami early warning system. Model simulations are performed using the in-house model TUNA-RP to obtain the run-up amplification factor and inundation distance for Penang Island. For this purpose, high resolution bathymetric and topographic data of Penang from Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (JUPEM) and National Hydrographic Centre (NHC) are interpolated and integrated. Model simulations show that the run-up amplification factors are mainly affected by the near-shore bathymetry and topography, incoming tsunami wave heights as well as the incoming wave directions. The comparison between measured tsunami wave heights for the 2004 Andaman tsunami and estimated run-up values derived from run-up amplification factors demonstrate good agreement. Hence, the derived amplification factors can be a useful tool for rapid preliminary assessment of tsunami hazards for Penang Island. The estimated run-up amplification factors are then used to obtain rapid estimation of the inundation distances along the coastline of Penang Island.
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Keywords
Estimation of run-up amplification , factors for Penang