Calcium carbonate removal via direct contact membrane distillation
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Date
2018-06
Authors
Mohamad Fikri Asrafa
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Abstract
This research studied in the performance of direct contact membrane distillation
in removing calcium carbonate solution or water softening. The important parameter
investigated include feed concentration, feed temperature and feed flowrate. The feed
concentration are vary from 0.1g/L CaCO3 to 9.0g/L CaCO3. The result indicated that
permeate flux decrease as the feed concentration increase. The higher feed
concentration lead to deposition of solute on the membrane surface and cause fouling,
thus the permeate flux decrease. The feed temperature and feed flowrate are vary from
60°C to 80°C and 18.92L/hr to 27.85L/hr respectively. The permeate flux increase
linearly with increase in feed temperature and feed flowrate. DCMD is a thermal driven
process, increase in feed temperature will increase the driving force for the water vapour
pass through the membrane. Increase in feed flowrate will decrease the temperature
boundary layer and enhance the separation process. The fouling phenomena was
observed when the 9.0g/L CaCO3 run for 8 hour. Permeate flux start to decline after 6
hours of DCMD process. The observed deposition of the solute on the membrane
surface prove that fouling phenomena did occur via cake deposition before wetting and
pore blocking after wetting taken placed.