Development and characterization of biomass steam boiler for externally fired micro gas turbine (efmgt) system
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Date
2018-05
Authors
Amirul Azim Azman
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Abstract
Alternative fuels are a priority in energy research field, due to issues of fossil
fuel depletion and environmental degradation. Biomass is an important renewable
energy fuel source for thermal and power applications, especially in countries like
Malaysia where abundant biomass waste available. As for electrical power generation,
interest has recently increased in small scale distributed generation (DG) due to its
advantages over centralized power generation. Internal combustion (IC) engines,
externally fired micro gas turbines (EFMGT) and wind turbines are the main candidates
for DG technology. Boiler fueled biomass for EFMGT have shown success for power
generation.
This research developed and characterized a biomass steam boiler for EFMGT
system. The EFMGT unites two advantages. On the one hand, the utilisation of the
waste heat from the turbine in a recuperative process and, on the other, the possibility
to burn “dirty” fuel. In particular, the EFMGT opens a new option to utilise biomass for
combined-heat-and-power and contributes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The
boiler is a monotube with counter flow configuration. The chosen tube material is
copper with diameter and length of 10 mm and 120 m respectively. The combustion
chamber is built up of bricks and refractory cement. The dimensions are 0.57 m internal
diameter and 0.2 m height. The auxiliary equipments involved are, pump, motor, and
blower with inverter controller.
The design of boiler is tested throughout the experiment. The main target is
targetting the produced of 2 kg/min steam and fortunately it achieve higher than
expected. This boiler can produced up to 2.8 kg/min with steady state of steam and
minimum of 1 kg/min with steady state of steam. The efficiency range is 93% to 98%
depends on the water flow rate or input power.