Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia - Tesis

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    Effect Of Various Pre-Treatments Onto Oil Palm Frond Leaves For Bioethanol Production As Renewable Bioenergy Source In Fuel Cell Application
    (2025-03)
    Azani, Nur Fatin Silmi Mohd
    Oil palm frond leaves (opfls) are one of the biomass by-products originating from oil palm plantations. Currently, opfls are under-valued since they can be classified as a high recalcitrance feedstock due to the high lignin and hemicellulose content. This current study proposed an alternative of using opfls as a bioenergy source. This study highlighted the impact of different pre-treatments on the physicochemical properties, enzymatic digestibility, and fermentation efficiency of pretreated opfls. Each of the pre-treatments revealed the distinctive traits that influence the efficiency of the conversion of cellulose into bioethanol. From physicochemical pretreatments, steam explosion much more effective in disrupting the compact cell wall structure of opfls in contrast to autohydrolysis pre-treatment, by a vast dissolution of hemicellulose and depolymerization of lignin. The pre-impregnation with h2so4 prior to steam explosion was beneficial to enhance the hemicellulose removal up to 89.94 %. The cellulose content of the autohydrolysis pre-treated and steam-exploded opfls pulp were enhanced up to 31.03 wt.% and 39.18 wt.%, respectively. Meanwhile, the dilute naoh pre-treatment enhanced the delignification by 87.14 %, led to the enrichment of cellulosic fraction up to 51.21 wt.%. The removal of hemicellulose and lignin fraction was confirmed by the reduction of xylan c=o peak at 1730 cm-1 and lignin structural units c=o peak at 1600 cm-1, observed in attenuated total reflection (atr) spectra
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    Preparation Of Dual-Dummy Template Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymer For Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction Of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics In Food
    (2025-03)
    Ismail, Noorhafira
    Fluoroquinolone antibiotics (fas) are widely used to treat humans and as veterinary medicine. A major concern was raised as the residue of fas may deposit in foods of animal’s origin, jeopardizing the food safety and causing antimicrobial-resistant to humans. Thus, an innovative and versatile adsorbent based on dual-dummy-template molecularly imprinted polymer-magnetic graphene oxide (ddmip-mgo) was fabricated for selective extraction and clean-up of fas from food samples. In this study, ddmip-mgo adsorbent was successfully synthesized with pipemidic acid and nalidixic acid as dual dummy templates molecular imprinted polymer (ddmip) with magnetic graphene oxide (mgo) nanoparticles coated on the surface of the newly synthesized dual dummy template. The ddmip-mgo provides feasibility of the adsorbent with specific recognition sites of ofloxacin (ofl), enrofloxacin (enro) and sparofloxacin (spar) in chicken meats and eggs samples to ensure efficient extraction prior to high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector (hplc-uv) analysis. The results showed that the ddmip-mgo exhibited uniform sizes, high magnetic responsivity, sensitivity and selectively recognition capability towards fas.
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    Synthesis, Characterization And Photocatalytic Activity Of Go/Zno/Ag Composite For The Imidacloprid Degradation
    (2025-06)
    Afridi, Saima Khan
    In this study, a ternary nanocomposite (GO/ZnO/Ag) i.e., a graphene oxide (GO) interfaced, zinc oxide (ZnO) photocatalyst, doped with silver (Ag) is synthesized for imidacloprid (IMD) degradation. For GO synthesis, Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber (OPEFB) was used as its precursor for graphite preparation.
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    Evaluation Of Antidiabetic Activity Of Christia vespertilionis (BAKH.F.) Leaves Extract Using Metabolomics Approach
    (2025-06)
    Selvarajoo, Puvanadevi
    This study investigates the antidiabetic potential of C. vespertilionis leaves through an integrated approach combining in vitro and in vivo metabolomics with molecular docking simulations. This study has demonstrated the antidiabetic potential of C. vespertilionis leaves through comprehensive in vitro, in vivo, and in silico investigations with the aid of the metabolomics approach.
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    Innovative Strategies For Rubberwood Preservation: Tebuconazole Loaded Formulations Via Nanoprecipitation And Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems
    (2025-06)
    Ong, Zhexun
    Wood preservation is important in protecting wood from deterioration, and new technology has emerged to improve current preservative delivery and solubility under the vacuum pressure system. In this research, tebuconazole-loaded zein nanoparticles (TEB-zein nanoparticles) and tebuconazole-loaded self-emulsifying drug delivery system (TEB-loaded SEDDS) were synthesised.