Institut Penyelidikan Perubatan Molekul - Tesis

Browse

Recent Submissions

Now showing 1 - 5 of 121
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    In Vitro And In Vivo Studies On The Complementary Effects Of Standardized Ethanolic Orthosiphon Stamineus Extract On Pancreatic Cancer Cells
    (2018-03)
    Salem Yehya, Ashwaq Hamid
    Pancreatic cancer is globally known as the fourth most lethal cancer in the world. Despite increasing understanding in tumor biology; the efficiency of treatment in pancreatic cancer remains challenging as patients demonstrate resistance to standard treatments. Although the first line agent, gemcitabine has produced clinical response to treat pancreatic cancer, the prognosis remains dismal.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Unraveling The Proteome Changes Underlying Insecticides Resistance In The Dengue Vector Aedes Aegypti Using Quantitative Proteomics Analyses
    (2023-01)
    Abubakar, Shettima
    Aedes aegypti is a significant vector for many tropical and subtropical flavivirus diseases. Synthetic insecticides are the primary vector control method. However, the widespread use of pyrethroid is causing resistance in Ae. aegypti. Hence, this study was aimed to elucidate permethrin and temephos resistant protein expression profiles in Ae. aegypti using quantitative proteomics. The study evaluated the susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti from dengue hotspot and non-hotspot areas of Penang Island against 0.75% permethrin and 31.25 mg/l temephos using the world health organisation (WHO) standard bioassay protocols. Protein extracts from the mosquitoes were analysed using LC–ESI–MS/MS for protein identification and quantification via label-free quantitative proteomics (LFQ). The study used Perseus 1.6.14.0 statistical software to perform differential protein expression (DEP) analysis via ANOVA and student’s T-test. The t-test selected proteins that showed ≥2.0-fold change (FC) and ≥2 unique peptides were used for gene expression via qPCR. The study also used STRING software for functional ontology enrichment and proteinprotein interaction (PPI) analyses. Bioassay results showed 28% and 53% mortalities in mosquitoes exposed to permethrin from the hotspot and non-hotspot areas. The susceptibility of Ae. aegypti larvae revealed high resistance to temephos in hotspot and non-hotspot areas with 80% and 91% mortalities. The LFQ analysis revealed 501 and 557 (q-value <0.05) DEPs in adults and larvae Ae. aegypti.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Elucidation Of Erk1/2/C-Myc/P53 Signaling Pathways Involved In Andrographolide-Induced Antiproliferative Activity In Human Glioblastoma Dbtrg-05mg Cell Line
    (2023-03)
    Nurul Syamimi Binti Othman
    The whole study evaluates andrographolide's anticancer effectiveness and potential molecular pathways using a glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell line.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Identification Of Selected Ageing-Related Proteins And The Characterisation Of Ptc4 In Yeast
    (2022-12)
    Lee, Jee Whu
    Ageing-related proteins play different roles in cellular processes such as regulating stress response, apoptosis, ubiquitin-proteasome system and signal transduction pathways amongst many others. Hundreds of ageing-related proteins have been revealed, but the roles of most of these ageing-related proteins are still unknown. In this study, the standardised chronological life span (CLS) assay, stress assay and growth assay were established. The CLS-extending effects of the ageing-related proteins, Ptc4, Zwf1, Sme1 and Sod1 selected from previous chronological life span (CLS) screen were validated through standardised colony forming unit (CFU) assay and the deletions of the selected ageing-related genes resulted in decreased CLS in yeast. Ptc4 contributes to oxidative stress tolerance in standardised oxidative stress assay and extends CLS the most among the selected ageing-related proteins. Zwf1 and Sod1 that contribute to oxidative stress tolerance in young cells, did not show oxidative stress tolerance in cells after prolonged ageing, suggesting the loss of oxidative stress tolerance capability after prolonged ageing. Besides, Ptc4 and Zwf1 promoted cell proliferation during cell growth upon protein overexpression in standardised growth assays, suggesting their involvement in cell division or growth pathways. Furthermore, loss of Ptc4 could still promote cell proliferation while loss of Zwf1 did not affect rate of cell proliferation. As Ptc4 could promote cell proliferation, the effects of other yeast type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) on rate of cell proliferation were also investigated in standardised growth assays.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Bzd9l1: Elucidation Of Its Anti-angiogenic Potential In In-vitro And In-vivo Colorectal Cancer Models
    (2023-09)
    Subramaniam, Ayappa V.
    Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally. CRC depends largely on angiogenesis for growth and metastasis. Much effort has been made to selectively target the angiogenic pathways to restrain tumour growth. However, some CRC patients become resilient to these anti-angiogenic drugs and standard therapies. The class III histone deacetylase family of sirtuins (SIRTs) has been closely linked to cancer progression but less is known about its activity in regulating tumour angiogenesis. BZD9L1 is a novel sirtuin inhibitor with demonstrated anti-cancer activities. This study aimed to investigate the anti-angiogenic potential of BZD9L1 on EA.hy926 endothelial cells (EC) in vitro and HCT116 tumour xenograft nude mice. The in vitro experiments comprised of cell viability assay, scratch wound assay, tube formation assay, spheroid sprouting assay, western blotting, angiogenesis array, cell cycle and apoptosis analysis via flow cytometry and finally, indirect co-culture model. Nude mice tumour xenograft model was used for the in vivo study, where hematoxylin and eosin staining was done to study the percentage of necrosis in the tumour section and immunohistochemistry was conducted to investigate the protein expression of Ki67 and CD34. BZD9L1 was shown to reduce cell viability, cell migration, tube formation, and spheroid sprouting of EC. BZD9L1 at 10μM was also shown to inhibit SIRT2 and SIRT3 protein in EA.hy926 cells. Angiogenesis array results revealed that the compound reduces the cytokine concentration of Angiogenin, bFGF, PDGF-BB, and PIGF significantly (P * < 0.05) compared to the control group