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Factors associated with confirmed measles cases among notified measles of children in Perak 2017-2024

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dc.contributor.authorDzulkifli, Nur Fazlina
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-09T07:32:57Z
dc.date.available2026-02-09T07:32:57Z
dc.date.issued2025-06
dc.description.abstractBackground: Measles is a highly contagious and vaccine preventable disease. It remains a significant public health concern globally, particularly among children, despite the availability of the vaccines. Thus, it is crucial to understand the associated factors of measles in children to strengthen the prevention strategies. Objective: This study aimed to determine the proportion and factors associated with confirmed measles cases among notified measles as well as to describe the clinical presentation of confirmed measles cases of children in Perak from 2017 to 2024. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data extracted from the SM2 measles surveillance database of the Perak State Health Department for the years 2017 to 2024. Simple random sampling was applied to obtain the sample size of 498. The relevant data were collected by using proforma checklist. The data were analysed by using descriptive analysis, simple and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 498 notified measles cases of children were included in the study. The proportion of confirmed measles cases among notified measles of children in Perak was 15.1% (CI: 12.0,18.2) and ranged from 2.9% to 29.2% per year throughout the year 2017 to 2024. Among the 75 confirmed measles cases in children, the most frequently reported clinical features were fever and maculopapular rash (98.7%) followed by cough (62.7%), coryza (57.3%) and conjunctivitis (22.7%). The significant factors associated with confirmed measles cases were ethnicity, measles vaccination status, history of contact with confirmed measles case and hospital admission. Orang Asli children had significantly greater odds of confirmed measles than other ethnic groups (Adj OR 3.37, 95% CI: 1.05,10.88, p-value 0.042). Incomplete and no vaccination were associated with higher odds of measles confirmation compared to complete vaccination (Adj OR 2.27, 95% CI: 1.09,4.71, p-value 0.028) and (Adj OR 3.42, 95% CI: 1.63,7.19, p-value 0.001) respectively. Contact with a confirmed measles case showed a strong association with confirmed measles (Adj OR 51.76, 95% CI: 11.25,238.21, p-value < 0.001), as did hospital admission (Adj OR 4.198, 95% CI: 1.51,11.65, p-value 0.006). Conclusion: Ethnicity, measles vaccination status, history of contact with confirmed measles case, and hospital admission were identified as significant factors associated with confirmed measles cases among notified measles of children in Perak from 2017 to 2024. These findings underscore the importance of formulating targeted public health interventions to enhance the effectiveness of measles prevention and control measures particularly among children.
dc.identifier.urihttps://erepo.usm.my/handle/123456789/23579
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectconfirmed measles
dc.subjectnotified measles
dc.titleFactors associated with confirmed measles cases among notified measles of children in Perak 2017-2024
dc.typeResource Types::text::thesis::master thesis
dspace.entity.typePublication
oairecerif.author.affiliationUniversiti Sains Malaysia
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