Publication: Hybrid energy harvester for internet of medical things application
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Date
2023-10-01
Authors
Chong Yung Wey
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Abstract
The rapid advancement of wearable sensors, low-power integrated circuits, and wireless
communication technologies has catalysed a profound paradigm shift in healthcare
technology. This transformation is exemplified by the emergence of Internet of Medical
Things (IoMT). Despite its transformative potential, the IoMT grapples with a pivotal
challenge: ensuring a dependable power supply and adeptly managing power consumption
in wearable devices during extended usage. Hybrid energy harvesting emerges as
a compelling solution to ensure continuous power for these sensor nodes. However,
developing effective power management schemes for diverse energy sources poses a
substantial hurdle, owing to the distinct energy characteristics inherent in AC/DC and
high/low voltage requirements. This thesis proposed eMeD, an embedded hybrid energy
harvester designed for wearable systems. Uniquely designed to enhance overall energy
efficiency and optimize energy extraction from ambient sources, eMeD integrates a
hybrid photovoltaic-radio frequency (RF) energy harvester. This serves as a sustainable
power source, extending device lifespan and reducing battery dependence. Experiment
shows that the average current consumption of the wearable system is 6.46 mA during
sleep mode and 18.6 mA during transmit mode. The solar cell achieves an output power
of 0.044 mW/cm2, while the RF module efficiently captures 66.9% of the incident
power. The integration of the hybrid energy harvester, wireless sensor network, and
event-driven sensor management algorithm makes it suitable for IoMT systems.