Publication: Effects of TAK-242 on inflammatory cytokines production in serum of mice immunized with BCG vaccine
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Date
2026-01
Authors
Xianhan, Peng
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Abstract
This study investigated the regulatory role of TLR4 signaling in BCG vaccine-induced immune responses using the specific inhibitor TAK-242. In a BALB/c mouse model, TLR4 inhibition did not consistently reduce levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β and even resulted in increased TNF-α post-BCG immunization, revealing complexity and compensation within the immune signaling network. Analysis of the humoral response revealed subtype-specific effects: TAK-242 selectively inhibited the Th1-dependent progressive increase in IgG2a, without significantly affecting IgG1 and IgG2b levels. These findings suggest that TLR4 signaling acts as a fine tuner for the quality of the adaptive immune response, particularly in shaping Th1 bias, rather than as an absolute trigger for immune activation. This study highlights the value of integrated antibody subtype analysis with innate immune markers for comprehensive vaccine mechanism assessment and provides experimental evidence for understanding the role of TLR signaling regulation in vaccine immunology.