Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan - Monograf

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    Mental distress and coping skills among caregivers of dependent patients in Hospital Pakar Universiti Sains Malaysia (HPUSM)
    (2026-08)
    Aziz, Nurul Asyiqin Abdul
    Caregiving is often associated with psychological challenges that may affect caregivers' mental well-being and coping abilities. This study aimed to determine the level of mental distress and coping skills among caregivers and to examine the association between mental distress, coping skills, and selected sociodemographic factors. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among 170 caregivers. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire comprising sociodemographic information, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Brief COPE inventory. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. The findings revealed that most respondents had normal levels of anxiety and depression. Emotion-focused coping was identified as the dominant coping strategy (M = 31.04, SD = 5.16), followed by problem-focused coping (M = 19.94, SD = 3.59) and avoidant coping (M = 14.88, SD = 2.66). Correlation analysis showed a significant positive relationship between anxiety and emotion-focused coping (r = 0.203, p = 0.008). A significant negative relationship was found between depression and problem-focused coping (r = -0.252, p < 0.001). The analysis revealed that education level was significantly associated with depression (p = 0.015), while no significant associations were found between other sociodemographic factors and mental distress. Furthermore, no significant association was observed between sociodemographic factors and coping skills. In conclusion, most caregivers demonstrated normal levels of mental distress and predominantly utilized emotion-focused coping strategies. The findings highlight the importance of promoting effective coping mechanisms and providing psychological support to enhance caregivers' mental well-being.
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    Association between sleep quality and depression among undergraduate students at the health campus Universiti Sains Malaysia
    (2026-07)
    Hisham, Nurul Alwani Syamimi
    Sleep quality is an important determinant of physical and psychological well-being. Poor sleep quality has been linked to various mental health problems, including depression, among undergraduate students. Undergraduate students, particularly those enrolled in health-related programmes, are exposed to academic demands, clinical demands and stressors that may negatively affect their sleep patterns and mental health. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the level of sleep quality, determine the level of depression, and identify the association between sleep quality and depression among undergraduate students at the Health Campus, USM. A sample size of 370 students was calculated, and data were successfully collected from 296 participants. The collected data were analysed by SPSS version 29.0. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire comprising socio-demographic characteristics, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Descriptive statistics were used to determine the levels of sleep quality and depression, while the Chi-square test was used to examine the association between sleep quality and depression. The findings revealed that 185 (62.5%) participants had poor sleep quality, while 111 (37.5%) had good sleep quality. 226 (76.4%) participants were classified as normal, while 70 (23.6%) exhibited depressive symptoms. The Chi-square analysis demonstrated a statistically significant association between sleep quality and depression among undergraduate students (X2 = 29.583, p < 0.001). Poor sleep quality was prevalent among undergraduate students at the Health Campus, USM, and was significantly associated with depression. Therefore, these findings emphasise the importance of promoting healthy sleep practices and strengthening mental health support services within the university. Early identification and intervention for sleep-related problems may contribute to better mental health outcomes among undergraduate students.
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    Association between anxiety, depression, and stress and quality of life among undergraduate students at the school of health sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia
    (2026-08)
    Awang, Nurul Alia Suhana Adek
    Mental health issues among university students may negatively affect their quality of life and overall well-being. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between anxiety, depression, and stress, and quality of life among undergraduate students at the School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). A cross-sectional study design was employed involving 211 undergraduate students. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic characteristics, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and the EUROHIS-QOL 8-item Index. Data were analysed using SPSS version 30.0. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that anxiety was the most prevalent psychological condition among respondents, followed by depression and stress. The mean scores for anxiety, depression, stress, and quality of life were 11.34 (SD = 8.21), 8.26 (SD = 8.86), 11.13 (SD = 8.66), and 29.45 (SD = 6.27), respectively. Pearson correlation analysis identified statistically significant negative correlations between anxiety and quality of life (r = -0.36, p < 0.001), depression and quality of life (r = -0.51, p < 0.001), and stress and quality of life (r = -0.43, p < 0.001). Depression demonstrated the strongest negative correlation with quality of life. Therefore, the findings highlight the importance of promoting mental health awareness and providing appropriate psychological support to improve the quality of life among undergraduate students.
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    Factors influencing career and specialisation intentions among final-year nursing students in Malaysia
    (2026)
    Daud, Nurulain
    This study aimed to determine the career and specialisation intentions of final-year nursing students in Malaysia, identify factors influencing these intentions, and examine the association between socio-demographic characteristics, academic achievement, and career and specialisation intentions. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 174 final-year nursing students from selected public and private higher education institutions in Malaysia using a self-administered online questionnaire. The findings showed that the majority of respondents intended to pursue a nursing career in Malaysia (89.7%) and planned to pursue nursing specialisation in the future (96.6%). Clinical exposure and skill training opportunities and standard of living were the highest-rated factors influencing career intentions, with 96.2% of respondents rating both factors as important. These were followed by job security, career pathway clarity, and career progression opportunities, which were each rated as important by 95.5% of respondents. Among respondents who intended to work overseas, salary, job security, working culture and environment, work-life balance, career pathway clarity, career progression opportunities, and clinical exposure and skill training opportunities were rated as important by all respondents. No significant associations were found between socio-demographic characteristics, academic achievement, and career or specialisation intentions (p > 0.05). In conclusion, final-year nursing students demonstrated strong intentions to work within Malaysia and pursue specialisation, with professional and workplace-related factors playing a greater role than socio-demographic or academic characteristics in shaping their future career plans.
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    Study on association between insomnia, mental health status and smartphone addiction among university students in health campus of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
    (2026-08)
    Zaini, Nursyafikah Mohd
    Insomnia is a common sleep disorder among university students and may be influenced by various factors, including mental health issues and smartphone addiction. Insomnia can negatively affect academic performance, emotional wellbeing, and daily functioning. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of insomnia, the level of mental health status and smartphone addiction, as well as to examine the relationship between mental health status, smartphone addiction, and insomnia among university students at the Health Campus of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). A cross-sectional study was conducted among 158 undergraduate students from the School of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, and School of Dentistry, USM Health Campus. Data were collected using a self-administered online questionnaire consisting of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SASSV). Descriptive statistics were used to determine the prevalence and levels of the study variables. Chi-square tests and Pearson correlation analysis were used to examine the relationships among these variables. The findings showed that 46.2% of respondents had no symptoms of insomnia, while 41.1% experienced mild to moderate insomnia, 12.0% experienced moderate insomnia, and 0.6% experienced severe insomnia. Most respondents had normal levels of depression (79.1%), anxiety (70.3%), and stress (85.4%). Smartphone addiction was identified among 34.9% of male respondents and 33.9% of female respondents. A significant association was found between mental health status and insomnia (χ2 = 24.946, p < 0.001). Students with mental health problems reported higher levels of insomnia compared to those without mental health problems. A significant association was also observed between smartphone addiction and insomnia (χ2 = 10.098, p = 0.018). Furthermore, smartphone addiction showed a significant positive correlation with mental health status (r = 0.313, p < 0.001), indicating that higher smartphone addiction was associated with poorer mental health status. In conclusion, insomnia, mental health problems, and smartphone addiction are widespread among university students at the USM Health Campus. Mental health status and smartphone addiction are significantly related to insomnia, while smartphone addiction has a positive relationship with worse mental health status. These findings emphasise the importance of implementing health promotion programs that focus on sleep hygiene, mental health support, and responsible smartphone use among university students.