Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan - Monograf

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Effects of vitamin c on the endothelium of rem sleep deprived animal model: a preliminary study
(2019-12)
Faris, Asma Nadia Ahmad
REM sleep deprivation is associated with endothelial dysfunction, a key event in the initiation of the cardiovascular disease process. The functions of the endothelium impair when damage occurs to its structures. To date, the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction in REM sleep deprivation remains poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the relationship between REM sleep deprivation and endothelial damage. The role of antioxidant vitamin C was also evaluated. Sixteen (16) Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were divided equally into four groups: free moving control rats (FMC), REM sleep deprived rats for 72 hours (REMsd), sleep recovery for 72 hours after 72 hours of REM sleep deprivation (SR), and REM sleep deprived rats for 72 hours (REMsd) that pretreated with vitamin C (RVC). Rats were deprived from REM sleep using the inverted flowerpot technique. Vitamin C (1 OOmg/kg) was administered orally for 4 weeks before the adaptation period. There was a significant reduction of body weight gain despite a significant increase in food consumption in the REMsd during the experiment when compared to the adaptation period. The systolic blood pressure also increased significantly in the REMsd group as compared to other groups. Histologically, the endothelium of REMsd rat had a features of endothelial damage. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the aorta were significantly higher in REMsd group suggestive oflipid peroxidation. Whereas, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were significantly lower in the REMsd group when compared to others. The changes following REM sleep deprivation revert with sleep recovery. In conclusion, the above findings provide convincing evidence that REM sleep deprivation induced oxidative stress that caused endothelial damage. Supplementation of vitamin C has beneficial effects in reducing the adverse effects following REM sleep deprivation.
The effectiveness of nutritional intervention towards poor weight gain among paediatrics in dietetic outpatient clinic, Hospital USM in 2016: a retrospective study
(2019-06)
Yun, Chee Chui
This retrospective study was purposely conducted to assess the effectiveness of nutritional intervention towards poor weight gain among paediatrics in dietetic outpatient clinic, Hospital USM. Medical records and medical nutrition therapy cards were used to obtain the research data. Nutritional status indicators including weight, height and energy intake on first, second and third visits in year 2016 were collected to determine their differences respectively after receiving nutritional intervention, together with the sociodemographic characteristics, clinical data, dietary data and data on type of nutritional intervention received. The research study involved 75 subjects (50.7% female and 49.3% male) of age below 18 year old. Most of the subjects were 2 year old or below with total of 63(84.0%) subjects, female with total of 38(50.7%) subj ects, Malay with total of 72(96.0%) subjects, and with no knpwn medical illness with total of 49(65.4%) subjects. The mean (SO) of weight on second visit was 7.93(2.17) kg, significantly higher than that of first visit, which was 7.26 (2.09) kg at p
The effect of 20-metre shuttle run in modulating recovery heart rate variability in male football players of Universiti Sains Malaysia
(2019-06)
Yusof, Siti Zaharah
Introduction: Heart rate variability (HRV) after physical workout showed an increase in cardiac autonomic regulation. The measurement of recovery HRV after exercise is extremely useful in giving valuable input of the heart regulation as well as its integrity. These components were used as indicators to assess the magnitude of cardiac recovery from exercise Objectives: This study investigated the effects of 20-metre shuttle run in modulating recovery HRV components in male university football players that measured low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), low frequency to high frequency (LF:HF) ratio at pre, post-24, 48 and 72 hours after running. Methods: Twenty participants were randomly assigned into intervention and control group. Participants from intervention group performed 20 metre shuttles run while the control group did not perform the run. Heart rate was recorded at pre-run, post-24, post- 48, and post-72 hours after running. The heart rates were analysed for HRV components using Polar Flow and Kubios software. Differences between groups were analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOV A). All data were expressed as mean± SO. Significance difference was set at p <0.05. Results: There was no significant difference between control and intervention group in all three analysis for LF-peak frequency (p= 0.78), LF-power (p= 0.368) and LF n.u (p= 0.404). HF component also resulted no significance difference in all three analyses of peak frequency (p=0.148), HF-power (p=0.326) and HF-n.u (p=0.192) between control and intervention group at pre, post-24 hour, post-48 hour and post-72 hour after running. There was also no significance difference found between control and intervention group for LF:HF (p=0.457). Conclusion: There was no significant difference recorded in the effects of 20-metre shuttle run in modulating recovery HRV components in male football players of Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Body weight perception and weight control behaviours among adults attending outpatient clinic at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
(2019-06)
Huong, Ling Tieng
Body weight perception is the way an individual perceives his or her own body in relation to the weight status. Studies on body weight perception were mostly conducted among adolescents, college and university students in Malaysia, while scarce studies conducted among adults. This study aimed to determine the body weight perception and its association with current weight control behaviours among adults attending Outpatient Clinic at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. It was a cross-sectional study involving a total of 210 adults who attended Outpatient Clinic at Hospital USM. A proforma and a validated questionnaire was used to assess socio-demographic characteristics, body weight perception and weight control behaviours. Weight and height were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Descriptive analysis, pearson chi-square and independent !-test were used to answer all the objectives. The prevalence of overweight and obesity of participants was 55.7% while there were 63.8% of them perceived themselves as being ovetweight/obest. Majority (73.8%) had accurately perceived their body weight. In terms of weight control behaviours, exercise and dieting were the most frequent methods used to lose weight. There was significant association found between body weight perception and current weight control behaviours (p
Determination of heavy metals in edible parts of catfish using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS)
(2019-01)
Ibrahim, Nursaibah Syahidah
The aim of this study is to determine the concentration level of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, and Pb) in edible parts of catfish using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS). The level of these metals in farm-raised consume (pellets and animal matters) and wild-caught catfish, purchased from two aquaculture ponds (farm-raised) and one market (wild) at Terengganu and Kelantan were analyzed. The conventional wet acid digestion method was used • for the mineralization of these samples prior to the quantitative determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS). The heavy metal concentration in the farm-raised catfish that consume pellets ranged from (2.652 ± 0.1593 to 3.460 ± 0.1652 mg/kg) for Cu and (13.419 ± 0.2614 to 21.486 ± 0.3305 mg/kg) for Zn. Meanwhile, the concentrations of heavy metals in fann-raised catfish which consume animal matters were ranged from (0.367 ± 0.1469 to 0.846 ± 0.291 mg/kg) for Cu and (11.787 ± 0.1967 to 26.204 ± 0.4472 mg/kg) for Zn. The concentrations of heavy metal in wild catfish were ranged from (2.007 ± 0.1150 to 4.821 ± 0.1661) for Cu and (9.392 ± 0.5142 to 12.894 ± 0.2877 mg/kg) for Zn. However, for Cd and Pb concentrations in all catfish in this study found to be below than detection limit. The concentrations of heavy metals in these catfish were compared with pennissible limit stipulated by WHO/FEPA. The copper contents in one of the farm-raised catfish that consume pellets and one of the wild catfish were higher than permissible limit. Therefore, the consumers should aware of the food poisoning arose upon consuming these catfish. The average heavy metal contents in both (fann-raised that consume pellets and animal matters) and wild catfish were arranged in the order; either Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd or Zn >Cu > Cd > Pb. It was concluded that heavy metals concentration level in catfish must be monitored comprehensively and periodically with respect to human health.

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