Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan - Monograf

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    Subcloning of influenza a ha-na synthetic gene in bacterial system.
    (2017)
    Hassan, Marwa Noruddin Mahammad
    Avian influenza A H5N1 virus continues to cause outbreaks around the globe since its first emergence in 1997 in Hong Kong. The highly pathogenic virus is capable of undergoing antigenic drifts and antigenic shifts as mechanisms enabling it to evade any immunity induced against it raising the alarm of potential pandemics and outbreaks. These mechanisms were found to influence two pathogenic determinants of Influenza A H5N1, which are the surface glycoprotein heamagglutinin HA and surface protein neuraminidase NA. These molecules are a principal target when it comes to vaccines production to eradicate the potentially deadly virus. In this project, highly immunogenic/hydrophilic regions of HA and NA were constructed and characterized through cloning. The synthetic gene HA-NA was successfully cloned where the assembling with the authentic synthetic gene sequence displayed 100 % similarity. The successfully cloned gene can be utilized for the production of highly immunogenic vaccine which is capable of producing sustainable immunity across generations of the virus, thus lightening the strain of producing annual vaccine in order to combat the newly arising variant. Additionally, it can be used as a tool to understand the immunogenic features of the hybrid gene which can assist in further understanding of the body mechanism in tackling the viral infections.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Subcloning of influenza a ha-na synthetic gene in bacterial system.
    (2017)
    Hassan, Marwa Noruddin Mahammad
    Avian influenza A H5N1 virus continues to cause outbreaks around the globe since its first emergence in 1997 in Hong Kong. The highly pathogenic virus is capable of undergoing antigenic drifts and antigenic shifts as mechanisms enabling it to evade any immunity induced against it raising the alarm of potential pandemics and outbreaks. These mechanisms were found to influence two pathogenic determinants of Influenza A H5N1, which are the surface glycoprotein heamagglutinin HA and surface protein neuraminidase NA. These molecules are a principal target when it comes to vaccines production to eradicate the potentially deadly virus. In this project, highly immunogenic/hydrophilic regions of HA and NA were constructed and characterized through cloning. The synthetic gene HA-NA was successfully cloned where the assembling with the authentic synthetic gene sequence displayed 100 % similarity. The successfully cloned gene can be utilized for the production of highly immunogenic vaccine which is capable of producing sustainable immunity across generations of the virus, thus lightening the strain of producing annual vaccine in order to combat the newly arising variant. Additionally, it can be used as a tool to understand the immunogenic features of the hybrid gene which can assist in further understanding of the body mechanism in tackling the viral infections.
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    Publication
    Investigating archery stance performance based on geometric morphometrics.
    (2017)
    Erliza, Erliza
    Geometric morphometries (GMM) is a method to quantify the size and shape of organisms with the application of multivariate statistics. In this project, the participants’ archery stance was examined by landmark-based GMM analysis. The goal of this study was to correlate demographic factors of participants’ archery stance in related to score. The factors that had been explored in the study was age, height, weight, hand grip strength as well as back and leg strength. Two cameras were utilised to record video of 20 participants' archery stance and take picture of the target board, separately. Still screenshots images of participants' archery stance analysed using three available softwares: tpsUtil, tpsDig2 and MorphoJ. The result of this project suggests that GMM assessment of archery stance by hand grip strength as well as back and leg strength are more reliable indicator compared to score, age, height and weight. However, the level of significance is not really high at only 33.1% for hand grip strength and 23.1% for back and leg strength. The results from Principle Component Analysis suggest that the total variance of five axes: PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4 and PC5 summarises 84.7% of the observed shape variation. Therefore, it can be concluded that GMM can be utilised in archery studies as to provide better understanding and information on archery. It is recommended for other scholars or researchers to conduct a study of sport science by employing GMM as their method of analysis.
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    Effects of interval training on health-related fitness among sedentary university students.
    (2017)
    Ming, Carol Lau Kho
    The present study compared the effect of interval training on health-related fitness and its effect over time. Responses in body composition, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance and flexibility was examined. Thirty-seven healthy, sedentary female participants from Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus were recruited in this study. Interval training consisted of 18 sessions were completed over six weeks. Results indicated significantly improved cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance and flexibility after intervention. It is concluded that interval training can be used as an alternative for endurance training for untrained population.
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    Anti-candida activity of methanolic oroxylum indicum leaves extract against candida species.
    (2017)
    Rahman, Amalina
    Oroxylum indicum has been used traditionally to treat common ailments and its leave extract has been reported to possess antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in-vitro anti-Candida activity of Oroxylum indicum leaves extract against selected Candida species. Methanolic leaves extract of Oroxylum indicum was tested for anti-Candida activity against C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilopsis, C. krusei, and C. glabrata. Anti-Candida activities were evaluated by well-diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined using the two-fold serial broth microdilution technique of concentration ranging from 500.0 mg/mL to 3.9 mg/mL. After 24 hours of incubation, the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was determined by sub-culturing the wells which showed no turbidity onto Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). The presence of potential phytochemicals group in the crude extract was screened by phytochemical qualitative tests. The methanolic extract showed moderate (50% of inhibition zone) anti-Candida activity against C. albicans and C. krusei. C. albicans was the most susceptible among the tested Candida species and showed a low MIC value (78 mg/mL). The extract was also fungicidal to C. albicans (MFC/MIC ratio of 4.0). Flavonoid, tannin, triterpenoid and steroid were the major phytochemicals of the crude extract. This study suggested that methanolic Oroxylum indicum leaves extract has weak anti-Candida activity.