Publication: Association of cariogenic food frequency intake, physical activity level with body mass index among undergraduate students in USMKK
| dc.contributor.author | Azman, Ahmad Haikal | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-09-02T07:54:00Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-09-02T07:54:00Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2026 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Frequent consumption of cariogenic foods and low levels of physical activity are associated with energy imbalance and unhealthy weight status among university students. However, evidence regarding the relationships between cariogenic food consumption, physical activity level and Body Mass Index among undergraduate students at Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus remains limited. This study aimed to determine cariogenic food consumption, physical activity level and Body Mass Index status, and to examine the associations between these variables. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 209 undergraduate students from the School of Medical Sciences, School of Dental Sciences and School of Health Sciences. Cariogenic food consumption was assessed using the Malay Cariogenic Food Frequency Questionnaire, while physical activity level was measured using the Malay Version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Body weight and height were measured to determine Body Mass Index. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 27. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the study variables, while Chi-square tests were used to examine associations at a significance level of p < 0.05. The findings showed that 72.2% of respondents had moderate cariogenic food consumption and 27.8% had low consumption, with no respondents classified in the high-consumption category. Regarding physical activity, 49.8% had a high level, 38.8% had a moderate level and 11.5% had a low level. For Body Mass Index status, 45.5% had normal weight, 23.4% were obese, 18.2% were underweight and 12.9% were overweight. Overall, 36.3% were overweight or obese. No significant association was found between cariogenic food consumption and Body Mass Index status, χ²(3) = 1.640, p = 0.650, or between physical activity level and Body Mass Index status, χ²(6) = 1.526, p = 0.958. Although no significant associations were identified, the high proportion of overweight and obesity indicates the need to strengthen healthy eating, physical activity and weight-management programmes among university students. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://erepo.usm.my/handle/123456789/24930 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | - | |
| dc.title | Association of cariogenic food frequency intake, physical activity level with body mass index among undergraduate students in USMKK | |
| dc.type | Resource Types::text::thesis::bachelor thesis | |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
| oairecerif.author.affiliation | Universiti Sains Malaysia |