Publication: Knowledge and attitude towards down syndrome among undergraduate students of the school of health sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia
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Date
2026-08
Authors
Noordin, Nurain Syazwina
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Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic disorder associated with intellectual disability, with worldwide incidence of 1 in 1,000 to 1,100 live births. In Malaysia, Hospital Pakar Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) reported 0.52 to 1.39 per 1,000 live births between 2017 and 2021, confirming significant DS cases requiring lifelong multidisciplinary care. Despite awareness campaigns and early intervention programmes, gaps and misconceptions still exist among healthcare trainees, leading to uncertainty in clinical practice. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine knowledge and attitude levels towards DS and examine their relationship among School of Health Sciences, USM undergraduates. A total of 270 students were selected through stratified random sampling and completed self-administered questionnaires. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 30.0 with descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation. Results revealed 71.1% demonstrated good knowledge (mean = 15.06, SD = 3.004) and 71.5% had positive attitudes (mean = 8.04, SD = 1.267) towards individuals with DS. However, knowledge deficits regarding DS medical complications were identified, and opinions on inclusive education were divided, with only 47.8% agreeing children with DS benefit from regular schooling. A statistically significant weak positive correlation was found between knowledge and attitude scores (r = 0.274, p < 0.001). Findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventions incorporating direct clinical exposure, structured disability modules, and community engagement with DS support groups to address misconceptions, enhance competence, and promote inclusive healthcare practice.
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