Publication:
Devulcanization of waste scrap tyre for natural rubber adhesive based compound

datacite.subject.fosoecd::Engineering and technology::Materials engineering
dc.contributor.authorMore, Prathmesh Pramodrao
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-26T01:47:46Z
dc.date.available2025-11-26T01:47:46Z
dc.date.issued2025-09-01
dc.description.abstractThis study develops a practical route to convert waste rubber into adhesive-ready material by selectively opening the crosslinked network of scrap tyre rubber in a CO₂-assisted autoclave using 3-(triethoxysilyl) propyl tetra sulfide (Si-69), then the Ground GTR (40- mesh) was premixed with Si-69 and processed across temperature 160-240 °C, time 50-90 min, and Si-69 loading 0-20 wt%. Network opening was quantified by sol-gel analysis and validated with FTIR, TGA, and SEM to ensure crosslink scission without backbone damage. Quantitatively, time and Si-69 were the strongest levers, devulcanization rose monotonically with time to ≈57% at 90 min, Si-69 showed a bell-shaped response peaking near ≈10 wt% (≈57%); temperature gave a modest lift from ≈41% at 160 °C to ≈48% at 240 °C. FTIR revealed consistent changes in the hydrocarbon stretching and deformation bands (~2855- 2952 and ~1375-1456 cm⁻¹) with a stable carbonyl window (~1740 cm⁻¹) and preserved cis- 1,4 marker (~815-820 cm⁻¹), indicating selective S-S/C-S scission while maintaining the polyisoprene backbone. TGA curves across all series retained a single dominant mass-loss step (~380-470 °C) and small onset shifts, with low char residues (~2-4%), confirming practical thermal endurance. SEM showed roughened surfaces, lamellar peel-outs, and fine micro-cracks morphologies consistent with partial unlinking rather than thermal degradation. The combined evidence defines an operating window of ~200-240 °C, 70-90 min, and 10-15 wt% Si-69, which produced powders that dissolved faster in toluene and formed smoother, Overall, the work delivers a reproducible small-scale protocol, a clear map from processing to structure and handling, and a credible pathway to valorize tire-derived rubber into high utility, lower-impact adhesive feedstocks, while laying out a direct path to full adhesive benchmarking and greener carrier systems in future work.
dc.identifier.urihttps://erepo.usm.my/handle/123456789/23153
dc.language.isoen
dc.titleDevulcanization of waste scrap tyre for natural rubber adhesive based compound
dc.typeResource Types::text::thesis::master thesis
dspace.entity.typePublication
oairecerif.author.affiliationUniversiti Sains Malaysia
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