Publication: Mechanism and kinetic reactions of malaysian ilmenite from terengganu in a hydrochloric acid leaching system
| datacite.subject.fos | oecd::Engineering and technology::Materials engineering | |
| dc.contributor.author | Siti Asmidar Binti Ibrahim | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-04-29T07:14:44Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-04-29T07:14:44Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023-07-01 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The potential of ilmenite sand from Sungai Cheniah, Bukit Kelip, Terengganu, Malaysia to produce synthetic rutile through a reductive leaching method that uses hydrochloric acid as a leaching reagent and iron as a reducing agent is studied. Since inadequate information regards ilmenite deposited at this catchment area, it is critical to investigate the properties of the ilmenite that used in this study which can shed light on the behaviour of ilmenite during the leaching process. Based on the characterization analyses, the ilmenite sand, IS is classified as low grade since the TiO2 content is 41.53% right after the pre-treatment process conducted and were used as the feedstock for the leaching process. It is also having wide span value meaning that its h has a wide size fraction of unidentical size particles. Therefore, the liberation study was executed and (+53-63) µm size fraction was selected to be the input of the leaching study as it consists of the highest liberated particles compare to other size fraction. As to determine the optimum conditions of the reductive leaching process for ilmenite, parameters such as concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCI), acid-to-solid ratio, temperature, and concentration of reducing agent was studied using design of experiment (DOE). The result of the leaching process was assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and optimal criteria were pointed out to be 9M HCl, 90°C, 0.4g/g of iron powder, and 4g/L solid liquid ratio. The maximum recovery is 96.42% Fe and 97.24% Ti. By developing this analysis statistically which is based on the mathematical models, it could be useful for predicting and comprehending the effects of experimental conditions. To elucidate the reaction kinetics and mechanism of ilmenite leaching in HCl solution, only HCl concentration and temperature were considered as the factors for leaching study. Based on Fe-Ti correlation for both factors, it shows that the Fe dissolved two-time folds compared to Ti dissolution. This direct leaching of ilmenite particles obeyed a shrinking core kinetic model, supporting the view that the proton diffusion through a product layer is the rate-controlling step. This can be supported by the activation energy values obtained for both 32.3 kJ/mol Fe and 30.2kJ/mol Ti which is below 40 kJ/mol which indicates the diffusion control rate. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://erepo.usm.my/handle/123456789/21471 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.title | Mechanism and kinetic reactions of malaysian ilmenite from terengganu in a hydrochloric acid leaching system | |
| dc.type | Resource Types::text::thesis::master thesis | |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
| oairecerif.author.affiliation | Universiti Sains Malaysia |