Publication: Knowledge, attitude and self care on chronic kidney disease prevention, quality of life and readiness of using mhealth apps among diabetes mellitus type 2 patients
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Date
2025-08
Authors
Zaid, Siti Salmah Mohamad
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a widespread chronic disease that is on the rise globally. One of the most common complications of T2DM is chronic kidney disease (CKD), with around half of the people diagnosed with T2DM ending up developing CKD. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and self-care (KAS) on CKD prevention, quality of life, readiness of using mHealth apps, and to determine the association between KAS, socio-demographics, quality of life, and readiness of using mHealth apps among T2DM patients in Malaysia. Using a purposive sampling method, this study was carried out through a cross-sectional study among 400 respondents who attended Klinik Pakar Diabetes and Klinik Rawatan Keluarga, HUSM. Knowledge, attitude, and self-care were measured by using a newly developed KAS_CKD questionnaire. QoL was obtained using the Revised Version of Diabetes Quality of Life (DQoL). Meanwhile, readiness using mHealth Apps was assessed using a validated mHealth readiness scale. Collected data was analysed using SPSS version 27 with descriptive and inferential analyses. The findings of this study revealed that most patients demonstrated a high level of knowledge, attitude, and self-care in preventing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Quality of life (QoL) was found to be highest in the satisfaction domain, moderate in the impact domain, and lowest in the worry domain. Respondents showed moderate readiness to use mHealth applications. Socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, education level, and occupation significantly influenced QoL. A negative association between knowledge and satisfaction QoL was observed, while a more positive attitude was associated with poorer QoL. Simple linear regression showed an insignificant relationship between self-care and QoL. Age was found to significantly impact readiness to use mHealth apps, but no significant association was found between knowledge, attitude, or self-care and mHealth readiness. These findings suggest that while T2DM patients exhibit a high level of knowledge, attitude, and self-care, their quality of life varies across domains. The study highlights the importance of socio-demographic factors in influencing QoL and the need for tailored interventions. Although readiness to use mHealth applications was moderate, no significant association was found between knowledge, attitude, or self-care and mHealth readiness. Further research is needed to explore other factors that may influence readiness for mHealth adoption
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