Publication: Comparison among Butterworth, hann and gaussian filter in accurate activity quantification of m99 tc SPECT/CT imaging
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Date
2025-06
Authors
Salimmi, Nadhrah
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Abstract
This study focuses on evaluating the accuracy of activity quantification in 99mTc Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging achieved through three different filters which is Butterworth, Gaussian and Hann filters with different parameters. The primary objective is to determine the optimal filter with optimal parameter for accurate quantification of 99mTc activity in SPECT/CT imaging. Quantitative imaging with 99mTc SPECT/CT faces challenges such as noise, resolution limitations and partial volume effects. Therefore, filters are applied to improve resolution and reduce noise for better diagnostic accuracy. The study utilizes NEMA 2007/IEC 2008 phantoms filled with 99mTc, using the GE Discovery NM/CT 670 Pro SPECT/CT system and tumor-to-background ratios (TBR) of 5:1 and 10:1. The experiment involved scanning with three filter parameters and performing a thorough comparison of the results using the recovery coefficient (RC) to evaluate filter performance across different sphere sizes. The sensitivity calibration was performed first using an activity concentration (AC) of 30 kBq/ml to establish the calibration factor (CF) for 99mTc SPECT activity quantification which is a crucial step in ensuring the accuracy of the diagnostic results. Then, image reconstruction and quantification were carried out using QMetrix software and the Xeleris workstation to facilitate detailed analysis. Based on the findings, Butterworth filter with a cut-off frequency (COF) of 0.5 provided the most optimal performance across various spherical diameters and yielded the smallest average quantification error when applied with Partial Volume Correction (PVC).
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