Publication: Crystallization Study Of Silicoaluminophosphate Zeolites Templated Using Pyridinium Cations And Their Catalytic Behaviors In Esterification Reactions
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Date
2025-06
Authors
Mohammad, Al Issa Jehad Mohdfathi
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Abstract
This thesis presents three interconnected studies on the crystallization of SAPO zeolites. The first study investigates the crystallization of SAPO-11 under ionothermal conditions using 1-propylpyridinium bromide ([PPy]Br) as template. The effects of synthesis parameters are studied, and SAPO-11 with an acidic nature and high surface area is successfully synthesized after 133 h of heating at 150 °C. The second study explores the crystallization of SAPO-5 under hydrothermal conditions using 5-ethyl-2-methyl-1-propylpyridinium hydroxide ([empy]OH) new template, where H3PO4 and H4P2O7 are used as comparative P sources. Both crystallization processes are followed, and the effects of these P sources on the crystallization and structural properties of SAPO-5 are examined. The findings reveal that H3PO4 yields highly crystalline hierarchical SAPO-5 with high acidity, whereas H4P2O7 promotes nucleation, forming SAPO-5 nanoplates with textural mesoporosity. The third component focuses on the catalytic performance of synthesized SAPO zeolites.
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Keywords
Crystallization , Esterification