Publication: An economic evaluation of grid connected pv generation system based on net metering
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Date
2021-07
Authors
Muhammad Imran bin Joohari
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Abstract
Commercial Grid-Connected PV systems for rooftop are increasingly used as clean, cost-effective, and sustainable energy solutions, especially in densely populated cities with limited space but ample unused rooftops. Under Malaysia's Net Energy Metering (NEM) 3.0 policy, commercial buildings can connect up to 75% of their maximum demand capacity to the grid, allowing property owners to offset energy costs and save on electric bills for years. This study includes a design analysis and sizing of a 4324.75 kWp rooftop PV system, using PVsyst software for environmental, financial, and technical assessments. The financial analysis, focused on commercial buildings under NEM 3.0, shows a 5-year return on investment (ROI). In 2023, the USM Engineering Campus saved approximately RM2.2 million in the first-year post installation of the Grid-Connected PV system. Given Malaysia's abundant sunlight, this research serves as a valuable case study for property owners exploring green energy production and cost reduction. However, increased PV system usage can reduce the distribution grid's power factor, potentially leading to heat generation and switch failures. This study analyses the power quality of a Grid-Connected PV system, focusing on the power factor.