Publication: Risk perception on needlestick injury and effectiveness of the needlestick prevention module among house officers in Kelantan
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Date
2024-05
Authors
Kutubudin, Ahmed Farrasyah Mohd
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Abstract
Introduction: House officers (HOs) face a significant occupational threat from needlestick injuries (NSIs), posing potential risks of exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Understanding the factors influencing NSI risk perception and developing effective training modules are essential for implementing robust preventive measures. This research explores factors influencing NSI risk perception among HOs and evaluates the effectiveness of the Needlestick Injury Prevention Module (N-SIP) in enhancing NSI-related knowledge and risk perception.
Objectives: The objectives of this study is to determine the mean perception score on risk of NSI, factors associated with mean the perception score, module development and validation, and effectiveness of the newly developed module.
Methodology: This study utilized a cross-sectional design involving 176 HOs, who completed a self administered questionnaire. Linear regression identified associated factors of NSI risk perception scores. Additionally, the N-SIP module was developed using the ADDIE model and underwent content validation by experts and face validation by HOs. A non-randomised interventional design assigned HOs to either the intervention group receiving the N-SIP module or a control group, with NSI risk perception scores assessed at baseline, three weeks, and six weeks post-intervention using validated measures. Statistical analysis, including repeated-measures ANOVA, evaluated changes in perception scores.
Results: The study found an overall mean risk perception score of 47.63, indicating a positive score among HOs. The cross-sectional study revealed that gender (b = 1.96; p = 0.002), work experience (b = 2.93; p < 0.001), attending health education on NSI (b = 4.42; p < 0.001), and history of NSI (b = 4.96; p < 0.001) significantly influenced NSI risk perception. The N-SIP module demonstrated high content validity and positive face validity among HOs. The interventional study showed a significant improvement in NSI risk perception scores among the intervention group compared to the control group, with statistically significant increases observed from baseline to three weeks and six weeks post-intervention. No significant changes were observed in the control group over the same period.
Conclusion: The study identified key factors influencing HOs' perception of NSI risk, with an overall mean risk perception score of 47.63 indicating a generally positive perception among HOs. The effectiveness of the N-SIP module in enhancing NSI risk perception was demonstrated, with significant improvements observed in the intervention group. Targeted training programs, such as the N-SIP, significantly impact risk perception and promote occupational safety among HOs. These findings underscore the importance of continued efforts to implement and evaluate tailored educational interventions to mitigate NSI risks and improve safety practices in healthcare settings.
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Keywords
needlestick injury , risk perception