Publication: Sesbania-derived activated carbon for Paracetamol removal from synthetic Wastewater
| datacite.subject.fos | oecd::Engineering and technology::Chemical engineering | |
| dc.contributor.author | Al-Howri Basem, Mohammed Mahfoodh | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-11-27T06:30:37Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-11-27T06:30:37Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024-01-01 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The surge of chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, in sewage and waterways poses a critical environmental challenge. To combat this, adsorption has emerged as a widely adopted, cost-effective method for water treatment. This research targets at escalating paracetamol contamination resulting from COVID-19 treatment, using sesbania as a natural adsorbent. Additionally, it strives to convert dangerous invasive species into valuable activated carbon. This comprehensive study focuses on the preparation of activated carbon from sesbania and tests multiple parameters that influence its efficiency. The effects of calcination temperature (450, 500, and 600 ℃), the type of acids used for activation process before calcination (HCl, H3PO4, and H2SO4), and the amount of aluminium chloride added were investigated. Optimal conditions were determined, with calcination temperature is 450 oC, H3PO4 is the preferred acid, and 0.5 g of aluminium chloride is the optimum amount added to sesbania raw material. After calcination the thermal activation at 90 oC for 24 hr proved as the best technique to activate sesbania-derived activated carbon. The prepared adsorbent was then evaluated through various parameters, including adsorbent dosage, initial concentrations, temperatures, mixing rate, and pH. Results demonstrated that 0.75 g of adsorbent exhibited the highest removal of 89.19%. The adsorption capacity increasing with increasing the initial concentration of the paracetamol solution, and the ideal temperature obtained is 40 oC. For mixing rate, the optimal condition for paracetamol removal was found is 100 rpm, and at acidic medium with pH 5. The chemical and physical characteristics were assessed using SEM-EDX, FTIR, and BET studies revealing significant structural difference between the sesbania raw material and the generated activated carbon. Surface area and pore volume of the produced activated carbon were 478.98 m2 /g and 0.244 cm3 /g, respectively. Kinetics and thermodynamics analyses indicated that the paracetamol adsorption onto sesbania-derived activated carbon followed pseudo-second order and Redlich-Peterson isotherm model, respectively with exothermic processes favoured thermodynamically. These findings provide valuable insights into the optimal production and performance of sesbania-derived activated carbon for effective paracetamol removal. This research proved sesbania-derived activated carbon is a sustainable solution for paracetamol removal from water. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://erepo.usm.my/handle/123456789/23217 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.title | Sesbania-derived activated carbon for Paracetamol removal from synthetic Wastewater | |
| dc.type | Resource Types::text::thesis::master thesis | |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
| oairecerif.author.affiliation | Universiti Sains Malaysia |