Publication: Validation of the malay version of brief jail mental health screen among prisoners in Pengkalan Chepa Prison, Kota Bharu, Kelantan
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Date
2022
Authors
Roslan, Rahmat Hidayat
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Abstract
Background: For the past few decades, mental illness among prisoners is getting much attention, in which screenings need to be done in order to detect the presence of any mental illness among them. So far, there is limited validated primary mental health screening to objectively assess the major mental illness in Malaysian prison population. One of the established tools available is Brief Jail Mental Health Screen (BJMHS), but is in English version. Therefore, there is a need to validate the Malay version of BJMHS to objectively screen the mental illness among the Malaysian prison population. Objective: The study aims to translate and validate the Malay version of BJMHS and to compare the diagnostic validity with Malay version Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January until March 2022. The participants were recruited through purposive sampling method. The inclusion criteria for the study participants are aged 18 years and above, with good Malay language command, those who have been sentenced by court to prison incarceration throughout the duration of the data collection, and those who are not in an intoxicated state due to substance or illicit drugs. The study was conducted via face to face session by the appointed psychologists in Pengkalan Chepa Prison, Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Malay version of BJMHS was initially translated from the original English version of BJMHS using forward and backward translation procedures by a group of experts. Quantification of face validity using Face Validation Index was done to ensure the Malay version of BJMHS has good face value where it was tested in 30 participants beforehand. About 248 participants then completed the socio-demographic questionnaire and the Malay version of BJMHS while 52 participants completed the socio- demographic questionnaire and the Malay version MINI. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 and Mplus version 8. Result: In this study, about 248 participants were used for CFA analysis and 52 participants were used for diagnostic validity. All three sub-scales of M-BJMHS revealed acceptable fit indices but have one or two items with standardized factor loading more than value of one (>1.0) and these items had negative residual variance which made the models inadmissible. The composite reliability for all three models was not measurable. The kappa value was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.79, 1.00, ρ<0.001) which showed excellent test-retest reliability. The sensitivity and specificity was 100% and 91% when compared to Malay version MINI. Conclusion: The study revealed the M-BJMHS show excellent stability, with high sensitivity and specificity when compared to Malay version MINI but the construct validity and reliability were inadmissible. This study is important as it can be used in the local prison population although the result was not entirely favourable in terms of construct validity and reliability.
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Keywords
Factor Analysis , Validation