Publication: Association of appetite level and calorie intake on malnutrition status among older adults in Hospital Pakar Universiti Sains Malaysia (HPUSM)
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Date
2025-08
Authors
Rahmat, Sofiyyah
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Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between appetite level, calorie intake and malnutrition status among older adults in Hospital Pakar Univerisiti Sains Malaysia (HPUSM). A cross-sectional study was conducted among 113 patients aged 60 years old and above. Data were collected using standardized questionnaires to assess appetite level (Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire), calorie intake (7 days Diet History Questionnaires), and malnutrition status adequacy (Mini Nutritional Assessment). Out of 113 subjects, it was discovered that 77 participants (68.1%) had low appetite; 33 subjects (29.2%) had normal nutritional status (MNA score 12-14), 50 (44.2%) were at-risk of malnutrition (MNA score 8-11) and 30 (26.5%) malnourished (MNA score 0-7); mean of calorie intake is 720.475 kcal/d and 778.708 kcal/d with standard deviation of 292.56 kcal and 240.52 kcal/d for men and women respectively. There is significant association between marital status and gender (p = < 0.001), between past occupation and gender (p = < 0.001) and living arrangement and gender (p<0.005). There were significant association between chewing problem (p=0.01), supplement use and gender (p=0.001) and smoking history and gender (p= <0.001). However, there is no statistically significant association was found between appetite level and gender, malnutrition status and gender and calorie intake and gender. There is a significant association between appetite level and malnutrition status (p<0.05, p= <0.001). There is also a significant association between calorie intake and malnutrition status (p<0.05), p= <0.001). Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to establish causal relationships and explore interventions to combat poor appetite, inadequate dietary intake and malnutrition among the older adults population
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