Publication: Glycemic variability and its associated factors among gestational diabetes mellitus patients in Kota Bharu, Kelantan
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Date
2022
Authors
Hassan, Noormazita
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Abstract
Introduction: Glycemic variability (GV) is defined as changes in glycemic control as a consequence of the physiological and circadian rhythm of hormones involved in glucose metabolism. As stated in few studies increase GV among gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients will impose a risk to both mother and fetus as well as risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to determine GV and its associated factors among GDM in Kota Bharu Kelantan. Methodology: A cross-sectional study with retrospective record review was conducted among 222 patients who had been diagnosed with GDM in the second or third trimester and either on diet or medication in Klinik Kesihatan Bandar Kota Bharu Kelantan. The socio-demographic, obstetrics and clinical characteristics were obtained from the antenatal book KIK/1(b)/96 that were available in the clinic. Four points blood sugar profile (BSP) also had been analyzed and been assessed for GV using standard deviation (SD) of mean of total 32 readings of BSP. Data further was analyzed using simple and multiple linear regression to look for associated factors for glycemic variability. Furthermore, simple and multiple logistic regression was used to look for an association between GV to post-partum MOGTT. Result: There were 222 record views involved in this study. The GV calculated was 0.71mmol/l. GDM patients which were on treatment found to have associated with GV. There was an association between GV and postpartum MOGTT result with the p= 0.002 (odds ratio [OR] = 6.0; 95% CI = 1.891,19.39). Conclusion: The GV in this study was low compared to previous study done. This study shows that if patient is known to have GDM and is receiving treatment, they may have high GV during their current pregnancy which further may lead to complications for both mother and fetus. In addition, high GV during the current pregnancy would predispose GDM patients to abnormal MOGTT results six weeks after delivery. Therefore, early recognition and intervention are necessary to avoid the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in the future.
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