Publication: Investigation of tribological properties and engine performance of tire pyrolysis oil for diesel engine applications
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Date
2022-03-01
Authors
Yaqoob, Haseeb
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Abstract
The application of tire pyrolysis oil (TPO) as an alternative fuel has attained attention owing to the exponentially raised demand and price of fossil fuels, environmental impacts, and landfilling of the waste tires. Globally, the pyrolysis process has become the leading solution by converting the waste tires to the TPO. Waste tire pyrolysis oil was purified by using the distillation process. DT10 (Diesel 90%-TPO 10%), DB10 (Diesel 90%-Biodiesel 10%), and diesel fuel were used in this study. The experimental study was conducted to compare the combustion, performance, emission, and tribological characteristics. Furthermore, the comparative assessment of the energy, exergy, economic, and sustainability analysis of a diesel engine fueled with tire pyrolysis oil (TPO)-diesel blends was carried out by using the experimental data, and the findings were compared with biodiesel–diesel blended fuel and pure diesel. The engine was a four-cylinder four-stroke, turbocharged diesel engine, and the experiments were performed at different crankshaft speeds ranges 1000–3500 rpm with the increment of 500 rpm. Moreover, the tribological experiment study was conducted over 300 s at 40, 50, 63, and 80 kg load, 1800 rpm constant speed, and 27 °Ctemperature of all fuels on the ASTM D2266 standard. The results show that the cylinder pressure and heat release rate is comparable, especially at 3500 rpm. The torque, brake power, and brake thermal efficiency of DT10 is greater than the DB10 and diesel fuel due to its high calorific value and oxygen share. DT10 indicates the 3.3% and 4.2% reduction in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission at 3500 rpm relative to diesel and DB10 fuel, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest reduction of 20.2% in smoke opacity was found using DT10 compared to diesel fuel at the engine speed of 2000 rpm. Subsequently, the results reveal that at 3000 rpm, DT10 shows the highest energy efficiency, 37.12%, and exergy efficiency, 39.6%, respectively. DT10 provides the lowest thermoeconomic parameters and highest sustainability index value 1.65. Furthermore, TPO demonstrated better antiwear behavior in terms of higher load]-carrying capacity as compared to diesel fuel. DT10 and BT10's wear scar diameter was 22.35% and 23.99% smaller than diesel and biodiesel, respectively at 80 kg load. Scanning electron microscope micrographs show that the TPO, DT10 and BT10 have less wear than the diesel fuel. Finally, it is concluded that the DT10 shows better tribological and engine performance results, so it is suitable as an alternative fuel for automotive applications.