Publication: Control of a DC-DC converter to improve the performance of battery management systems in electric vehicles
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Date
2023-08
Authors
Muhammad Zhafri bin Mohd Yazid
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Abstract
With the advancement of electric vehicle (EV) technologies, automakers' attention has shifted to the efficient and dependable use of rechargeable batteries
(RBs). Lithium-ion battery technology has the highest specific energy and specific power among RBs. The lithium-ion battery pack is made up of low-voltage battery cells connected in series to meet the EV system's voltage requirements. The usable capacity of the battery pack, however, is limited by the low charge cell among the string. Manufacturing irregularities and variable operating conditions of each cell cause charge imbalances in the battery pack. These imbalances reduce usable capacity, hasten cell degradation, and, more importantly, pose serious safety risks like overcharging. To avoid battery pack imbalances and improve the performance of the battery management system in EV, a control system was developed to select the best cells to enable in the battery banks. The control system consists of an intelligent algorithm that controls the state of charge (SOC) of each cell as well as a dc-dc converter. This project was created using MATLAB Simulink. This software was used to design and simulate circuits. Furthermore, the intelligent algorithm was implemented using a MATLAB function block in Simulink. In addition, the outcome of this project is determined by observing the waveforms of the battery cell parameters (SOC, voltage, and current) as well as the overall output voltage waveform of this project circuit, in order to analyze the performance of the BMS in terms of battery cells’ SOC balancing speed and circuit output voltage ripple. Finally, future opportunities and directions are delivered to design an efficient intelligent algorithm and controller toward the development of an advanced battery management system for future sustainable electric vehicle applications.