Publication: Cyber-power reliability assessment of dynamic thermal rating enhanced system integrity protection systems
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Date
2021-11-01
Authors
Jimada-Ojuolape, Bilkisu
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Abstract
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems have become a vital part of every aspect of our daily lives, and their integration into the electric power system has become paramount. The ICT enhanced power system referred to as smart grid exhibits intelligent monitoring and control, bidirectional communication between stakeholders and power system elements, security and safety of supply and self-healing qualities. The presence of smart grid infrastructure within the power system provides an avenue by which the power systems can more efficiently manage their overall increased complexity and size while also operating within narrower security limits. Dynamic thermal rating systems (DTR) and System integrity protection scheme (SIPS) are two technologies that are used to boost network reliability. Synchrophasors from phasor measurement units (PMU) can improve wide-area monitoring and protection (WAMP) capabilities such as those required and enabled by DTR and SIPS. Although DTR allows the existing transmission lines to be operated much closer to their limits, line outages after DTR implementation could threaten network security. Thus, the SIPS, designed to ensure network security, is helpful to forestall impending
contingencies that could arise from DTR implementation. This thesis presents novel models for a composite reliability assessment of a synchrophasor-based DTR, and SIPS enhanced smart grid. In contrast to existing research, which considers these two technologies independently, this thesis proposes a joint assessment of these two technologies. The proposed system offers WAMP functions to the network and simultaneously considers the effects of component failures and communication network availability on system-widereliability. The proposed sequential Monte-Carlo simulation (SMCS) methods which are analysed in several case studies, successfully simulate different contingencies that stem from component failures and communication network outages like cascading line outages, leading to load curtailment. Results show that while DTR increases overall network ageing, the ageing process can be slowed down by a reliable SIPS while minimally affecting load curtailment. The result shows a 98.92% decrease in load curtailment value and network ageing is reduced by 11.95% when the SMCS method for component failures are tested and analysed. Results also show that the network topologies with more redundant
communication paths offer significant improvements to network reliability. This result shows 90.05% improvement in reliability when the single mesh and the most reliable
double mesh topology are compared. The study also revealed that SIPS deployment offers more improvement to reliability than scenarios where SIPS is not deployed by
99.15%. These results imply that DTR does increase network ageing and that the use of PMUs and implementation of SIPS alongside DTR on a single network does slow
down the ageing process, thereby, improving the general reliability of the network.