Publication: The effect of biofuel emulsification via trans-membrane emulsifier (tme) on performance characteristic of emulsified biofuel in constant volume combustion chamber (cvcc)
Date
2023-07-01
Authors
Muhamad Ishan Haikal Bin Ismail
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Abstract
In this study, a small and easy to install emulsifying mechanism was developed to realize the continuous emulsification process of biofuel and water for vehicle transportation. This emulsifying mechanism is known as “Trans-membrane Emulsifier (TME)” which is capable to operate continuously in emulsifying the biofuel and water for a cyclic process of fuel injection, spraying, and combustion. The in-line TME is capable to ensure that the stability period of the emulsified biofuel is continuously maintained during the engine operation. In evaluating the performance of TME and the quality of emulsified biofuel produced from the device, few critical parameters of TME were characterized that includes TME pressure, flow rate and the quality of emulsified was determined by the stability period, homogeneity, and spraying characteristic of the emulsified biofuel in the simulated engine which is referred as CVCC. Specifically, the biofuel used in the experiment is Refined Palm Oil (RPO). The biofuel pressure was varied from 1.00 bar until 2.00 bar and for water pressure was varied from 0.50 bar until 3.50 bar pressure along with the addition of RPO at different percentages volumes in the TME. The results show that the addition from 5% to 10% percentage different of RPO and water pressure respectively improve the stability period of emulsified biofuel. Stability period should be at least comparable or better than the quality of emulsified biofuel from other methods. The TME emulsifier biofuel spraying technology in CVCC is an innovative approach that involves the injection of a fuel and water droplet mixture into the combustion chamber. These droplets are remarkably small, enabling their passage through the piston pores and thereby facilitating a more efficient combustion process. The optimal use in CVCC for RPO, a constant pressure of 2.0 bar is recommended, while the pressure for water should be set at 3.0 bar, 3.25 bar, or 3.5 bar. The most favourable range for the percentage difference between the components is between 2% and 5%, as it yields the highest quality of emulsified biofuel. The selection of a 2.0 bar pressure for RPO aligns with the engine system's established pressure, emphasizing the necessity to adhere to the genuine pressure specifications of the engine system.