Assessment of water quality around Pengkalan Hulu Perak by multivariate analysis
| dc.contributor.author | Siti Asmidar Binti Ibrahim | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-01-27T01:51:30Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-01-27T01:51:30Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2019-07 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Water quality of the Pengkalan Hulu River in Perak is influenced by various factor like hydrogeochemistry of the prospecting area and pathogenis activities. The characteristics of water quality in Pengkalan Hulu River need to specify because it may affect the water quality of the river. The objectives of this study were to assess physicochemical parameters (BOD, COD, TSS, turbidity, Ammoniacal Nitrogen, pH, temperature change and DO) at surface water of Pengkalan Hulu, Perak on basis of Water Quality Index (WQI) and raw standard of water by Ministry of Health (MOH). Besides, determination heavy metal concentration present in the surface water is analysed by ICP-OES.In addition, evaluation of data by determining the connection between variables based on Multivariate Statistical Analysis (MSA) by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) in box plot form, correlation matrix and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The samples were collected at six different points and three sampling times. The parameters were divided into two types which were in situ measurement and laboratory measurement and data were analysed by compared it with raw water standard of MOH and Water Quality Index (WQI). Based on the concentration of pH, temperature, turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD, Ammoniacal Nitrogen (NH-3N) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS), the surface water of the Pengkalan Hulu River at all station is slightly polluted except for station 5 considered as polluted and according to the ICP-OES data result, it shows that the concentration of arsenic (As), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), dan zinc (Zn)which were exceeded to the recommended raw standard of MOH and WQI standard. Moreover, according to MSA, there were relationship between variables such as TSS and turbidity, TSS and COD, COD and BOD and so on.Thus, it can be concluded that contamination of surface water in Pengkalan Hulu is not just because of the economic activities such mining industies and logging activities but also due to its mineralization factor. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/11077 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.title | Assessment of water quality around Pengkalan Hulu Perak by multivariate analysis | en_US |
| dc.type | Other | en_US |
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