Effect Of Polyethylene Glycol And Silica-Based Flame Retardant Materials On Properties Of Ultraviolet Curable Palm Oil Resin
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Date
2017-06
Authors
Sua, Pei Ru
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
An ultraviolet curable palm oil resin (POR) was formulated by modifying palm oil with glycerol and reacted with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and silica based monomers (silanes) were employed in the formulation as softening and flame retardant agents. The silanes were vinyl trimethoxysilane (VTMS), trimethoxy phenylsilane (TMPS) and tetramethoxy silane (TMOS). The physical, mechanical, thermal stability and flame retarding properties of Si-POR were studied. The results showed POR with PEG has smaller molecular weight and polydispersity index (PDI) ranged from 1.69 to 2.30. It was noticed that iodine number of POR was greater than 130g I2/100g oil and can be characterized as drying oil, though the iodine number was declined slightly in the addition of PEG. From gel content analysis, each UV cured films showed a high degree of curing with gel content more than 95%. The results indicated all the silanes were bonded chemically onto the chemical structural of POR polymers. The softening effect brought by PEG has increased the penetration effect of the resin, film flexibility, pull off strength, wettability and water absorbability of the coated wood. The ability of silane to interact with hydroxyl groups of POR and wood surface has lower the penetration effect of the resin, the wettability and water absorbability of the coated wood. Subsequently, the pull-off strength of coated wood was increased from 2.50MPa to 3.81MPa after silane was added. Among the silanes, the sample with TMPS yielding the highest thermal stability and flame retardant properties. The degradation temperature of the film was increased to 390ÂșC, while the Limited Oxygen Index (LOI) of coated wood was enhanced from 22.15% to 25.35%. In overall, the additional of silane content in the formulation had enhanced thermal stability and flame retarding properties of the films and the coated wood.
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Keywords
An ultraviolet curable palm oil resin , modifying palm oil with glycerol